Derivation Web

source_744bdaaae86846d8

by researka:v2 · 2026-06-27 18:17:40.022783+04:00

{"publication_id": "c67a74c0-4be2-4dfe-9638-ee889fd68d14", "traces": [{"candidate_sources": [{"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.1126/sciadv.aed2478", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_1", "study": "The skeletal muscle slow myosin heavy chain regulates mammalian metabolic homeostasis through the NRF2 pathway", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aed2478"}, {"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.1111/acel.13261", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_2", "study": "Sulforaphane prevents age‐associated cardiac and muscular dysfunction through Nrf2 signaling", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/acel.13261"}, {"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-026-40709-x", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_3", "study": "Targeted activation of Nrf2 via sulforaphane-loaded exosomes attenuated azoospermic condition in the rat model", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-40709-x"}, {"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.3389/fnut.2022.893344", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_4", "study": "The Protective Effect of Sulforaphane on Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis Depends on Gut Microbial and Nrf2-Related Mechanism", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.893344"}, {"directness": "review-level", "doi": "10.1007/s11033-020-06041-x", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_5", "study": "The effect of dietary phytochemicals on nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activation: a systematic review of human intervention trials", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-020-06041-x"}], "claim": "This synthesis tests the thesis that evidence for Sulforaphane NRF2 is context-dependent, separating outcome-specific signals from broader claims and identifying the evidence gaps that should bound interpretation.", "claim_id": "claim_1"}, {"candidate_sources": [{"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.1126/sciadv.aed2478", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_1", "study": "The skeletal muscle slow myosin heavy chain regulates mammalian metabolic homeostasis through the NRF2 pathway", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aed2478"}, {"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.1111/acel.13261", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_2", "study": "Sulforaphane prevents age‐associated cardiac and muscular dysfunction through Nrf2 signaling", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/acel.13261"}, {"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-026-40709-x", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_3", "study": "Targeted activation of Nrf2 via sulforaphane-loaded exosomes attenuated azoospermic condition in the rat model", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-40709-x"}, {"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.3389/fnut.2022.893344", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_4", "study": "The Protective Effect of Sulforaphane on Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis Depends on Gut Microbial and Nrf2-Related Mechanism", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.893344"}, {"directness": "review-level", "doi": "10.1007/s11033-020-06041-x", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_5", "study": "The effect of dietary phytochemicals on nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activation: a systematic review of human intervention trials", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-020-06041-x"}], "claim": "Evidence-honesty note: The retained evidence has no direct interventional hard-endpoint evidence; indirect, review-level, adjacent, or mechanistic sources are used only to bound interpretation. The conclusion therefore does not support broad causal, clinical, or policy claims.", "claim_id": "claim_2"}, {"candidate_sources": [{"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.1126/sciadv.aed2478", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_1", "study": "The skeletal muscle slow myosin heavy chain regulates mammalian metabolic homeostasis through the NRF2 pathway", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aed2478"}, {"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.1111/acel.13261", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_2", "study": "Sulforaphane prevents age‐associated cardiac and muscular dysfunction through Nrf2 signaling", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/acel.13261"}, {"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-026-40709-x", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_3", "study": "Targeted activation of Nrf2 via sulforaphane-loaded exosomes attenuated azoospermic condition in the rat model", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-40709-x"}, {"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.3389/fnut.2022.893344", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_4", "study": "The Protective Effect of Sulforaphane on Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis Depends on Gut Microbial and Nrf2-Related Mechanism", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.893344"}, {"directness": "review-level", "doi": "10.1007/s11033-020-06041-x", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_5", "study": "The effect of dietary phytochemicals on nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activation: a systematic review of human intervention trials", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-020-06041-x"}], "claim": "This paper synthesizes evidence on Sulforaphane NRF2 across 21 included source papers and 902 high-confidence extracted claims.", "claim_id": "claim_3"}, {"candidate_sources": [{"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.1126/sciadv.aed2478", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_1", "study": "The skeletal muscle slow myosin heavy chain regulates mammalian metabolic homeostasis through the NRF2 pathway", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aed2478"}, {"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.1111/acel.13261", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_2", "study": "Sulforaphane prevents age‐associated cardiac and muscular dysfunction through Nrf2 signaling", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/acel.13261"}, {"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-026-40709-x", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_3", "study": "Targeted activation of Nrf2 via sulforaphane-loaded exosomes attenuated azoospermic condition in the rat model", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-40709-x"}, {"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.3389/fnut.2022.893344", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_4", "study": "The Protective Effect of Sulforaphane on Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis Depends on Gut Microbial and Nrf2-Related Mechanism", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.893344"}, {"directness": "review-level", "doi": "10.1007/s11033-020-06041-x", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_5", "study": "The effect of dietary phytochemicals on nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activation: a systematic review of human intervention trials", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-020-06041-x"}], "claim": "The evidence profile contains no sources classified primarily as direct interventional hard-endpoint evidence, 16 adjacent clinical sources, and 5 mechanistic or model-system sources, with 5 cross-study disagreements across the evidence base.", "claim_id": "claim_4"}, {"candidate_sources": [{"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.1126/sciadv.aed2478", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_1", "study": "The skeletal muscle slow myosin heavy chain regulates mammalian metabolic homeostasis through the NRF2 pathway", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aed2478"}, {"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.1111/acel.13261", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_2", "study": "Sulforaphane prevents age‐associated cardiac and muscular dysfunction through Nrf2 signaling", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/acel.13261"}, {"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-026-40709-x", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_3", "study": "Targeted activation of Nrf2 via sulforaphane-loaded exosomes attenuated azoospermic condition in the rat model", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-40709-x"}, {"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.3389/fnut.2022.893344", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_4", "study": "The Protective Effect of Sulforaphane on Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis Depends on Gut Microbial and Nrf2-Related Mechanism", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.893344"}, {"directness": "review-level", "doi": "10.1007/s11033-020-06041-x", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_5", "study": "The effect of dietary phytochemicals on nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activation: a systematic review of human intervention trials", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-020-06041-x"}], "claim": "Positive study-level signals are not the dominant direction in any outcome class; null signals are not the dominant direction in any outcome class; negative signals are not the dominant direction in any outcome class; mixed or heterogeneous signals are summarized in the contextual adjacent evidence, immune and inflammation, mechanism, and cardiometabolic outcome classes. The paper therefore interprets the corpus as a tiered evidence profile rather than as a single pooled effect.", "claim_id": "claim_5"}, {"candidate_sources": [{"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.1126/sciadv.aed2478", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_1", "study": "The skeletal muscle slow myosin heavy chain regulates mammalian metabolic homeostasis through the NRF2 pathway", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aed2478"}, {"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.1111/acel.13261", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_2", "study": "Sulforaphane prevents age‐associated cardiac and muscular dysfunction through Nrf2 signaling", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/acel.13261"}, {"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-026-40709-x", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_3", "study": "Targeted activation of Nrf2 via sulforaphane-loaded exosomes attenuated azoospermic condition in the rat model", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-40709-x"}, {"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.3389/fnut.2022.893344", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_4", "study": "The Protective Effect of Sulforaphane on Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis Depends on Gut Microbial and Nrf2-Related Mechanism", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.893344"}, {"directness": "review-level", "doi": "10.1007/s11033-020-06041-x", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_5", "study": "The effect of dietary phytochemicals on nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activation: a systematic review of human intervention trials", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-020-06041-x"}], "claim": "The conclusion is that Sulforaphane NRF2 should be treated as a bounded geroscience hypothesis: the retained clinical and adjacent evidence profile defines the scope for targeted testing, while mixed and null findings limit any unqualified anti-aging claim.", "claim_id": "claim_6"}, {"candidate_sources": [{"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.1126/sciadv.aed2478", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_1", "study": "The skeletal muscle slow myosin heavy chain regulates mammalian metabolic homeostasis through the NRF2 pathway", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aed2478"}, {"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.1111/acel.13261", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_2", "study": "Sulforaphane prevents age‐associated cardiac and muscular dysfunction through Nrf2 signaling", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/acel.13261"}, {"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-026-40709-x", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_3", "study": "Targeted activation of Nrf2 via sulforaphane-loaded exosomes attenuated azoospermic condition in the rat model", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-40709-x"}, {"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.3389/fnut.2022.893344", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_4", "study": "The Protective Effect of Sulforaphane on Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis Depends on Gut Microbial and Nrf2-Related Mechanism", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.893344"}, {"directness": "review-level", "doi": "10.1007/s11033-020-06041-x", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_5", "study": "The effect of dietary phytochemicals on nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activation: a systematic review of human intervention trials", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-020-06041-x"}], "claim": "This manuscript is reported as a Evidence brief. A deterministic protocol governed source retrieval, screening, extraction, and synthesis; the protocol was frozen before manuscript rendering. The full audit trail is in the supplementary `methods_pack.json` and the timestamped submission directory `synthesis-sulforaphane_nrf2-v06-DAILY-2026-06-27T12-02-36Z`.", "claim_id": "claim_7"}, {"candidate_sources": [{"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.1126/sciadv.aed2478", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_1", "study": "The skeletal muscle slow myosin heavy chain regulates mammalian metabolic homeostasis through the NRF2 pathway", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aed2478"}, {"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.1111/acel.13261", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_2", "study": "Sulforaphane prevents age‐associated cardiac and muscular dysfunction through Nrf2 signaling", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/acel.13261"}, {"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-026-40709-x", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_3", "study": "Targeted activation of Nrf2 via sulforaphane-loaded exosomes attenuated azoospermic condition in the rat model", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-40709-x"}, {"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.3389/fnut.2022.893344", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_4", "study": "The Protective Effect of Sulforaphane on Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis Depends on Gut Microbial and Nrf2-Related Mechanism", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.893344"}, {"directness": "review-level", "doi": "10.1007/s11033-020-06041-x", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_5", "study": "The effect of dietary phytochemicals on nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activation: a systematic review of human intervention trials", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-020-06041-x"}], "claim": "The following fields were extracted from each included source: study design, population / cohort, intervention or exposure, comparator, outcome class, effect direction, effect size, confidence interval or credible interval, p-value, sample size, follow-up duration, risk-of-bias rating. Under the calibration rule, source verification in the public bundle is limited to reference-level metadata; exact statistics and effect directions are drawn from these structured extraction artifacts (the synthesis manifest, risk-of-bias sidecar when populated, and claim registry) rather than from re-parsed full text.", "claim_id": "claim_8"}, {"candidate_sources": [{"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.1126/sciadv.aed2478", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_1", "study": "The skeletal muscle slow myosin heavy chain regulates mammalian metabolic homeostasis through the NRF2 pathway", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aed2478"}, {"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.1111/acel.13261", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_2", "study": "Sulforaphane prevents age‐associated cardiac and muscular dysfunction through Nrf2 signaling", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/acel.13261"}, {"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-026-40709-x", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_3", "study": "Targeted activation of Nrf2 via sulforaphane-loaded exosomes attenuated azoospermic condition in the rat model", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-40709-x"}, {"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.3389/fnut.2022.893344", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_4", "study": "The Protective Effect of Sulforaphane on Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis Depends on Gut Microbial and Nrf2-Related Mechanism", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.893344"}, {"directness": "review-level", "doi": "10.1007/s11033-020-06041-x", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_5", "study": "The effect of dietary phytochemicals on nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activation: a systematic review of human intervention trials", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-020-06041-x"}], "claim": "Risk-of-bias framework assignment follows study design (RoB-2 for RCTs, ROBINS-I for non-randomised studies, AMSTAR-2 for systematic reviews / meta-analyses). Public appraisal claims are limited to populated `risk_of_bias.json` rows; when no populated ratings are present, interpretation remains bounded by source tier and directness rather than formal RoB certification.", "claim_id": "claim_9"}, {"candidate_sources": [{"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.1126/sciadv.aed2478", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_1", "study": "The skeletal muscle slow myosin heavy chain regulates mammalian metabolic homeostasis through the NRF2 pathway", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aed2478"}, {"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.1111/acel.13261", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_2", "study": "Sulforaphane prevents age‐associated cardiac and muscular dysfunction through Nrf2 signaling", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/acel.13261"}, {"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-026-40709-x", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_3", "study": "Targeted activation of Nrf2 via sulforaphane-loaded exosomes attenuated azoospermic condition in the rat model", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-40709-x"}, {"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.3389/fnut.2022.893344", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_4", "study": "The Protective Effect of Sulforaphane on Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis Depends on Gut Microbial and Nrf2-Related Mechanism", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.893344"}, {"directness": "review-level", "doi": "10.1007/s11033-020-06041-x", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_5", "study": "The effect of dietary phytochemicals on nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activation: a systematic review of human intervention trials", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-020-06041-x"}], "claim": "Evidence-tension synthesis: claims grouped by outcome class (cardiometabolic, contextual adjacent evidence, immune and inflammation, mechanism); within-class agreement, disagreement, and directness gaps surfaced explicitly. Quantitative pooling applied only where ≥3 sources reported a comparable endpoint with extractable effect estimates.", "claim_id": "claim_10"}, {"candidate_sources": [{"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.1126/sciadv.aed2478", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_1", "study": "The skeletal muscle slow myosin heavy chain regulates mammalian metabolic homeostasis through the NRF2 pathway", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aed2478"}, {"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.1111/acel.13261", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_2", "study": "Sulforaphane prevents age‐associated cardiac and muscular dysfunction through Nrf2 signaling", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/acel.13261"}, {"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-026-40709-x", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_3", "study": "Targeted activation of Nrf2 via sulforaphane-loaded exosomes attenuated azoospermic condition in the rat model", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-40709-x"}, {"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.3389/fnut.2022.893344", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_4", "study": "The Protective Effect of Sulforaphane on Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis Depends on Gut Microbial and Nrf2-Related Mechanism", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.893344"}, {"directness": "review-level", "doi": "10.1007/s11033-020-06041-x", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_5", "study": "The effect of dietary phytochemicals on nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activation: a systematic review of human intervention trials", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-020-06041-x"}], "claim": "Source retrieval, claim extraction, evidence routing, and prose drafting were assisted by large language models under a deterministic audit-trail protocol. Every manuscript claim is traceable to a source record in the supplementary `manifest.json`. 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8 extracted claim(s); receipt-level direction is the coded finding; direction=null; directness=indirect; tier=B2).", "claim_id": "claim_19"}, {"candidate_sources": [{"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.1126/sciadv.aed2478", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_1", "study": "The skeletal muscle slow myosin heavy chain regulates mammalian metabolic homeostasis through the NRF2 pathway", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aed2478"}, {"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.1111/acel.13261", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_2", "study": "Sulforaphane prevents age‐associated cardiac and muscular dysfunction through Nrf2 signaling", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/acel.13261"}, {"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-026-40709-x", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_3", "study": "Targeted activation of Nrf2 via sulforaphane-loaded exosomes attenuated azoospermic condition in the rat model", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-40709-x"}, {"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.3389/fnut.2022.893344", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_4", "study": "The Protective Effect of Sulforaphane on Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis Depends on Gut Microbial and Nrf2-Related Mechanism", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.893344"}, {"directness": "review-level", "doi": "10.1007/s11033-020-06041-x", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_5", "study": "The effect of dietary phytochemicals on nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activation: a systematic review of human intervention trials", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-020-06041-x"}], "claim": "In animal/preclinical evidence, cardiometabolic remains a separate Results slice for Sulforaphane NRF2 (n=2; claims=198; unclear signal in 1/2 sources; 2 indirect; limited corpus depth in this outcome class) and is not pooled into adjacent endpoint classes. Source-level findings are:", "claim_id": "claim_20"}, {"candidate_sources": [{"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.1126/sciadv.aed2478", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_1", "study": "The skeletal muscle slow myosin heavy chain regulates mammalian metabolic homeostasis through the NRF2 pathway", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aed2478"}, {"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.1111/acel.13261", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_2", "study": "Sulforaphane prevents age‐associated cardiac and muscular dysfunction through Nrf2 signaling", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/acel.13261"}, {"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-026-40709-x", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_3", "study": "Targeted activation of Nrf2 via sulforaphane-loaded exosomes attenuated azoospermic condition in the rat model", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-40709-x"}, {"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.3389/fnut.2022.893344", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_4", "study": "The Protective Effect of Sulforaphane on Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis Depends on Gut Microbial and Nrf2-Related Mechanism", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.893344"}, {"directness": "review-level", "doi": "10.1007/s11033-020-06041-x", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_5", "study": "The effect of dietary phytochemicals on nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activation: a systematic review of human intervention trials", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-020-06041-x"}], "claim": "Xin 2018 (Sulforaphane prevents angiotensin II-induced cardiomyopathy by activation of Nrf2 via stimulating the Akt/GSK-3ß/Fyn; 43 extracted claim(s); receipt-level direction is the coded finding; direction=null; directness=indirect; tier=B2).", "claim_id": "claim_21"}, {"candidate_sources": [{"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.1126/sciadv.aed2478", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_1", "study": "The skeletal muscle slow myosin heavy chain regulates mammalian metabolic homeostasis through the NRF2 pathway", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aed2478"}, {"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.1111/acel.13261", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_2", "study": "Sulforaphane prevents age‐associated cardiac and muscular dysfunction through Nrf2 signaling", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/acel.13261"}, {"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-026-40709-x", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_3", "study": "Targeted activation of Nrf2 via sulforaphane-loaded exosomes attenuated azoospermic condition in the rat model", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-40709-x"}, {"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.3389/fnut.2022.893344", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_4", "study": "The Protective Effect of Sulforaphane on Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis Depends on Gut Microbial and Nrf2-Related Mechanism", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.893344"}, {"directness": "review-level", "doi": "10.1007/s11033-020-06041-x", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_5", "study": "The effect of dietary phytochemicals on nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activation: a systematic review of human intervention trials", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-020-06041-x"}], "claim": "The principal limitation is evidence-role imbalance. The retained corpus contains no sources classified primarily as direct clinical evidence, 16 adjacent clinical sources, and 5 mechanistic or model-system sources, which means causal interpretation depends on how much weight is assigned to each evidence tier.", "claim_id": "claim_22"}, {"candidate_sources": [{"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.1126/sciadv.aed2478", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_1", "study": "The skeletal muscle slow myosin heavy chain regulates mammalian metabolic homeostasis through the NRF2 pathway", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aed2478"}, {"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.1111/acel.13261", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_2", "study": "Sulforaphane prevents age‐associated cardiac and muscular dysfunction through Nrf2 signaling", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/acel.13261"}, {"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-026-40709-x", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_3", "study": "Targeted activation of Nrf2 via sulforaphane-loaded exosomes attenuated azoospermic condition in the rat model", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-40709-x"}, {"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.3389/fnut.2022.893344", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_4", "study": "The Protective Effect of Sulforaphane on Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis Depends on Gut Microbial and Nrf2-Related Mechanism", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.893344"}, {"directness": "review-level", "doi": "10.1007/s11033-020-06041-x", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_5", "study": "The effect of dietary phytochemicals on nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activation: a systematic review of human intervention trials", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-020-06041-x"}], "claim": "A second limitation is endpoint heterogeneity. Study-level signals span the contextual adjacent evidence outcome class, the contextual adjacent evidence, immune and inflammation, cardiometabolic outcome classes, no dominant outcome class, and the contextual adjacent evidence outcome class; these domains cannot be pooled narratively without losing clinically relevant differences in measurement, population, and study design.", "claim_id": "claim_23"}, {"candidate_sources": [{"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.1126/sciadv.aed2478", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_1", "study": "The skeletal muscle slow myosin heavy chain regulates mammalian metabolic homeostasis through the NRF2 pathway", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aed2478"}, {"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.1111/acel.13261", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_2", "study": "Sulforaphane prevents age‐associated cardiac and muscular dysfunction through Nrf2 signaling", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/acel.13261"}, {"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-026-40709-x", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_3", "study": "Targeted activation of Nrf2 via sulforaphane-loaded exosomes attenuated azoospermic condition in the rat model", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-40709-x"}, {"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.3389/fnut.2022.893344", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_4", "study": "The Protective Effect of Sulforaphane on Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis Depends on Gut Microbial and Nrf2-Related Mechanism", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.893344"}, {"directness": "review-level", "doi": "10.1007/s11033-020-06041-x", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_5", "study": "The effect of dietary phytochemicals on nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activation: a systematic review of human intervention trials", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-020-06041-x"}], "claim": "For Sulforaphane NRF2, the final interpretation is deliberately tiered: the retained clinical and adjacent evidence profile defines a bounded geroscience rationale, but the corpus does not support treating mechanistic target engagement, intermediate biomarkers, and patient-relevant outcomes as interchangeable evidence. The closing claim should therefore be read as a map of what the retained studies can support, not as a clinical recommendation or a general anti-aging endorsement. Positive signals identify hypotheses and candidate contexts; null, mixed, or adverse signals identify the boundaries that future work must test directly. The evidence hierarchy remains load-bearing here: direct interventional hard-endpoint records carry more interpretive weight than adjacent clinical evidence, and both carry more translational weight than mechanistic or model systems. A stronger future conclusion would require larger direct human samples, prespecified endpoints, longer follow-up, comparable intervention characterization, transparent safety capture, and a consistent direction of effect across clinically proximate outcomes. Until that evidence exists, the paper's conclusion is that the topic is worth structured follow-up only within the boundaries defined by the included source set. That boundary is not a weakness in the paper; it is the main claim that keeps the synthesis reusable. Readers should carry forward the evidence classes separately: favorable mechanistic or surrogate findings can motivate experiments, indirect human findings can prioritize populations and endpoints, and direct clinical findings define the current ceiling for applied interpretation. The current corpus is non-supportive for clinical efficacy or general health-intervention claims; it supports only hypothesis generation and structured follow-up within the limits of indirect evidence. Any downstream use should preserve that tiered reading rather than compressing the corpus into a simple yes/no verdict for clinical practice or public messaging.", "claim_id": "claim_24"}, {"candidate_sources": [{"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.1126/sciadv.aed2478", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_1", "study": "The skeletal muscle slow myosin heavy chain regulates mammalian metabolic homeostasis through the NRF2 pathway", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aed2478"}, {"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.1111/acel.13261", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_2", "study": "Sulforaphane prevents age‐associated cardiac and muscular dysfunction through Nrf2 signaling", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/acel.13261"}, {"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-026-40709-x", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_3", "study": "Targeted activation of Nrf2 via sulforaphane-loaded exosomes attenuated azoospermic condition in the rat model", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-40709-x"}, {"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.3389/fnut.2022.893344", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_4", "study": "The Protective Effect of Sulforaphane on Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis Depends on Gut Microbial and Nrf2-Related Mechanism", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.893344"}, {"directness": "review-level", "doi": "10.1007/s11033-020-06041-x", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_5", "study": "The effect of dietary phytochemicals on nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activation: a systematic review of human intervention trials", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-020-06041-x"}], "claim": "This synthesis maps 21 included sources on Sulforaphane Nrf2 across 4 outcome classes and 5 cross-study disagreements. It separates endpoint-specific evidence from broad geroprotection claims so that favorable biomarker signals are not treated as proof of durable healthspan benefit.", "claim_id": "claim_25"}, {"candidate_sources": [{"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.1126/sciadv.aed2478", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_1", "study": "The skeletal muscle slow myosin heavy chain regulates mammalian metabolic homeostasis through the NRF2 pathway", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aed2478"}, {"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.1111/acel.13261", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_2", "study": "Sulforaphane prevents age‐associated cardiac and muscular dysfunction through Nrf2 signaling", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/acel.13261"}, {"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-026-40709-x", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_3", "study": "Targeted activation of Nrf2 via sulforaphane-loaded exosomes attenuated azoospermic condition in the rat model", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-40709-x"}, {"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.3389/fnut.2022.893344", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_4", "study": "The Protective Effect of Sulforaphane on Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis Depends on Gut Microbial and Nrf2-Related Mechanism", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.893344"}, {"directness": "review-level", "doi": "10.1007/s11033-020-06041-x", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_5", "study": "The effect of dietary phytochemicals on nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activation: a systematic review of human intervention trials", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-020-06041-x"}], "claim": "Across 21 curated reference papers, the evidence base for Sulforaphane Nrf2 shows a context-dependent profile. Positive signals appear in: contextual other. Null findings dominate: contextual other, immune inflammation. The synthesis surfaces cross-study disagreements across outcome classes — see Cross-Domain Synthesis. The Sulforaphane Nrf2 anti-aging case as currently constituted is incomplete: mechanistic plausibility coexists with mixed or sparse human-RCT evidence, and the boundary conditions remain to be established.", "claim_id": "claim_26"}, {"candidate_sources": [{"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.1126/sciadv.aed2478", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_1", "study": "The skeletal muscle slow myosin heavy chain regulates mammalian metabolic homeostasis through the NRF2 pathway", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aed2478"}, {"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.1111/acel.13261", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_2", "study": "Sulforaphane prevents age‐associated cardiac and muscular dysfunction through Nrf2 signaling", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/acel.13261"}, {"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-026-40709-x", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_3", "study": "Targeted activation of Nrf2 via sulforaphane-loaded exosomes attenuated azoospermic condition in the rat model", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-40709-x"}, {"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.3389/fnut.2022.893344", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_4", "study": "The Protective Effect of Sulforaphane on Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis Depends on Gut Microbial and Nrf2-Related Mechanism", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.893344"}, {"directness": "review-level", "doi": "10.1007/s11033-020-06041-x", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_5", "study": "The effect of dietary phytochemicals on nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activation: a systematic review of human intervention trials", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-020-06041-x"}], "claim": "In animal/preclinical evidence, the strongest unresolved contrast is the null vs positive between Lu 2024 and Xie 2025 on contextual adjacent evidence (severity 4/5), which defines the boundary condition future studies must test rather than smooth over.", "claim_id": "claim_27"}, {"candidate_sources": [{"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.1126/sciadv.aed2478", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_1", "study": "The skeletal muscle slow myosin heavy chain regulates mammalian metabolic homeostasis through the NRF2 pathway", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aed2478"}, {"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.1111/acel.13261", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_2", "study": "Sulforaphane prevents age‐associated cardiac and muscular dysfunction through Nrf2 signaling", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/acel.13261"}, {"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-026-40709-x", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_3", "study": "Targeted activation of Nrf2 via sulforaphane-loaded exosomes attenuated azoospermic condition in the rat model", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-40709-x"}, {"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.3389/fnut.2022.893344", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_4", "study": "The Protective Effect of Sulforaphane on Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis Depends on Gut Microbial and Nrf2-Related Mechanism", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.893344"}, {"directness": "review-level", "doi": "10.1007/s11033-020-06041-x", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_5", "study": "The effect of dietary phytochemicals on nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activation: a systematic review of human intervention trials", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-020-06041-x"}], "claim": "This synthesis adds a design-level evidence-weighting layer and an explicit cross-study disagreement map, keeping boundary conditions visible instead of averaging them away in narrative summary.", "claim_id": "claim_28"}, {"candidate_sources": [{"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.1126/sciadv.aed2478", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_1", "study": "The skeletal muscle slow myosin heavy chain regulates mammalian metabolic homeostasis through the NRF2 pathway", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aed2478"}, {"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.1111/acel.13261", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_2", "study": "Sulforaphane prevents age‐associated cardiac and muscular dysfunction through Nrf2 signaling", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/acel.13261"}, {"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-026-40709-x", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_3", "study": "Targeted activation of Nrf2 via sulforaphane-loaded exosomes attenuated azoospermic condition in the rat model", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-40709-x"}, {"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.3389/fnut.2022.893344", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_4", "study": "The Protective Effect of Sulforaphane on Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis Depends on Gut Microbial and Nrf2-Related Mechanism", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.893344"}, {"directness": "review-level", "doi": "10.1007/s11033-020-06041-x", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_5", "study": "The effect of dietary phytochemicals on nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activation: a systematic review of human intervention trials", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-020-06041-x"}], "claim": "| Evidence domain | Direct sources | Indirect / mechanism sources | Direction profile | Interpretation boundary |", "claim_id": "claim_29"}, {"candidate_sources": [{"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.1126/sciadv.aed2478", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_1", "study": "The skeletal muscle slow myosin heavy chain regulates mammalian metabolic homeostasis through the NRF2 pathway", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aed2478"}, {"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.1111/acel.13261", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_2", "study": "Sulforaphane prevents age‐associated cardiac and muscular dysfunction through Nrf2 signaling", "support_kind": "candidate_source_row", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/acel.13261"}, {"directness": "primary", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-026-40709-x", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "source_id": "source_3", "study": "Targeted activation of Nrf2 via sulforaphane-loaded exosomes attenuated azoospermic condition in the rat 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unclear | direct interventional hard-endpoint gap |", "claim_id": "claim_30"}]}

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