Derivation Web

source_c569a0992ce74ff1

by researka:v2 · 2026-06-17 18:03:42.259715+04:00

{"publication_id": "b5c45f8d-c264-403e-befa-f38d10ad33c1", "traces": [{"candidate_sources": [{"doi": "10.1038/s41591-025-04106-7", "study": "Liraglutide in mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease: a phase 2b clinical trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-025-04106-7"}, {"doi": "10.1210/clinem/dgae775", "study": "Weight Loss Induces Changes in Vitamin D Status in Women With Obesity But Not in Men: A Randomized Clinical Trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgae775"}, {"doi": "10.1111/dom.70393", "study": "Mental health changes after 4 months of weight loss treatment with the glucagon‐like peptide‐1 analogue liraglutide 3.0 mg", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.70393"}, {"doi": "10.1111/dom.16395", "study": "The influence of the glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonist, liraglutide, on dietary patterns and nutrient intakes in patients with obesity and prediabetes: A secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.16395"}, {"doi": "10.1111/dom.16419", "study": "Liraglutide improves peripheral perfusion and markers of angiogenesis and inflammation in people with type 2 diabetes and peripheral artery disease: An 18‐month follow‐up of a randomized clinical trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.16419"}], "claim": "Evidence-honesty note: 6/12 retained sources are indirect, review-level, adjacent, or mechanistic and are used only to bound interpretation. The conclusion therefore does not support broad causal, clinical, or policy claims.", "claim_id": "claim_1"}, {"candidate_sources": [{"doi": "10.1038/s41591-025-04106-7", "study": "Liraglutide in mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease: a phase 2b clinical trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-025-04106-7"}, {"doi": "10.1210/clinem/dgae775", "study": "Weight Loss Induces Changes in Vitamin D Status in Women With Obesity But Not in Men: A Randomized Clinical Trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgae775"}, {"doi": "10.1111/dom.70393", "study": "Mental health changes after 4 months of weight loss treatment with the glucagon‐like peptide‐1 analogue liraglutide 3.0 mg", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.70393"}, {"doi": "10.1111/dom.16395", "study": "The influence of the glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonist, liraglutide, on dietary patterns and nutrient intakes in patients with obesity and prediabetes: A secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.16395"}, {"doi": "10.1111/dom.16419", "study": "Liraglutide improves peripheral perfusion and markers of angiogenesis and inflammation in people with type 2 diabetes and peripheral artery disease: An 18‐month follow‐up of a randomized clinical trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.16419"}], "claim": "This paper synthesizes evidence on liraglutide metabolism effects across 12 included source papers and 766 high-confidence extracted claims.", "claim_id": "claim_2"}, {"candidate_sources": [{"doi": "10.1038/s41591-025-04106-7", "study": "Liraglutide in mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease: a phase 2b clinical trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-025-04106-7"}, {"doi": "10.1210/clinem/dgae775", "study": "Weight Loss Induces Changes in Vitamin D Status in Women With Obesity But Not in Men: A Randomized Clinical Trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgae775"}, {"doi": "10.1111/dom.70393", "study": "Mental health changes after 4 months of weight loss treatment with the glucagon‐like peptide‐1 analogue liraglutide 3.0 mg", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.70393"}, {"doi": "10.1111/dom.16395", "study": "The influence of the glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonist, liraglutide, on dietary patterns and nutrient intakes in patients with obesity and prediabetes: A secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.16395"}, {"doi": "10.1111/dom.16419", "study": "Liraglutide improves peripheral perfusion and markers of angiogenesis and inflammation in people with type 2 diabetes and peripheral artery disease: An 18‐month follow‐up of a randomized clinical trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.16419"}], "claim": "The evidence profile contains 6 direct clinical sources, 6 adjacent clinical sources, and no sources classified primarily as mechanistic or model-system evidence, with 38 cross-study disagreements across the evidence base.", "claim_id": "claim_3"}, {"candidate_sources": [{"doi": "10.1038/s41591-025-04106-7", "study": "Liraglutide in mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease: a phase 2b clinical trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-025-04106-7"}, {"doi": "10.1210/clinem/dgae775", "study": "Weight Loss Induces Changes in Vitamin D Status in Women With Obesity But Not in Men: A Randomized Clinical Trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgae775"}, {"doi": "10.1111/dom.70393", "study": "Mental health changes after 4 months of weight loss treatment with the glucagon‐like peptide‐1 analogue liraglutide 3.0 mg", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.70393"}, {"doi": "10.1111/dom.16395", "study": "The influence of the glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonist, liraglutide, on dietary patterns and nutrient intakes in patients with obesity and prediabetes: A secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.16395"}, {"doi": "10.1111/dom.16419", "study": "Liraglutide improves peripheral perfusion and markers of angiogenesis and inflammation in people with type 2 diabetes and peripheral artery disease: An 18‐month follow‐up of a randomized clinical trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.16419"}], "claim": "Positive study-level signals are summarized in the immune and inflammation outcome class; null signals are not the dominant direction in any outcome class; negative signals are not the dominant direction in any outcome class; mixed or heterogeneous signals are summarized in the contextual adjacent evidence, cardiometabolic, and safety and comorbidity outcome classes. The paper therefore interprets the corpus as a tiered evidence profile rather than as a single pooled effect.", "claim_id": "claim_4"}, {"candidate_sources": [{"doi": "10.1038/s41591-025-04106-7", "study": "Liraglutide in mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease: a phase 2b clinical trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-025-04106-7"}, {"doi": "10.1210/clinem/dgae775", "study": "Weight Loss Induces Changes in Vitamin D Status in Women With Obesity But Not in Men: A Randomized Clinical Trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgae775"}, {"doi": "10.1111/dom.70393", "study": "Mental health changes after 4 months of weight loss treatment with the glucagon‐like peptide‐1 analogue liraglutide 3.0 mg", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.70393"}, {"doi": "10.1111/dom.16395", "study": "The influence of the glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonist, liraglutide, on dietary patterns and nutrient intakes in patients with obesity and prediabetes: A secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.16395"}, {"doi": "10.1111/dom.16419", "study": "Liraglutide improves peripheral perfusion and markers of angiogenesis and inflammation in people with type 2 diabetes and peripheral artery disease: An 18‐month follow‐up of a randomized clinical trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.16419"}], "claim": "The conclusion is that liraglutide metabolism effects should be treated as a bounded geroscience hypothesis: the retained clinical and adjacent evidence profile defines the scope for targeted testing, while mixed and null findings limit any unqualified anti-aging claim.", "claim_id": "claim_5"}, {"candidate_sources": [{"doi": "10.1038/s41591-025-04106-7", "study": "Liraglutide in mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease: a phase 2b clinical trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-025-04106-7"}, {"doi": "10.1210/clinem/dgae775", "study": "Weight Loss Induces Changes in Vitamin D Status in Women With Obesity But Not in Men: A Randomized Clinical Trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgae775"}, {"doi": "10.1111/dom.70393", "study": "Mental health changes after 4 months of weight loss treatment with the glucagon‐like peptide‐1 analogue liraglutide 3.0 mg", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.70393"}, {"doi": "10.1111/dom.16395", "study": "The influence of the glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonist, liraglutide, on dietary patterns and nutrient intakes in patients with obesity and prediabetes: A secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.16395"}, {"doi": "10.1111/dom.16419", "study": "Liraglutide improves peripheral perfusion and markers of angiogenesis and inflammation in people with type 2 diabetes and peripheral artery disease: An 18‐month follow‐up of a randomized clinical trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.16419"}], "claim": "For that reason, the manuscript does not collapse every source into a single recommendation. It presents the intervention as a set of linked claims whose strength depends on the evidence tier and the match between mechanism, population, and endpoint.", "claim_id": "claim_6"}, {"candidate_sources": [{"doi": "10.1038/s41591-025-04106-7", "study": "Liraglutide in mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease: a phase 2b clinical trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-025-04106-7"}, {"doi": "10.1210/clinem/dgae775", "study": "Weight Loss Induces Changes in Vitamin D Status in Women With Obesity But Not in Men: A Randomized Clinical Trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgae775"}, {"doi": "10.1111/dom.70393", "study": "Mental health changes after 4 months of weight loss treatment with the glucagon‐like peptide‐1 analogue liraglutide 3.0 mg", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.70393"}, {"doi": "10.1111/dom.16395", "study": "The influence of the glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonist, liraglutide, on dietary patterns and nutrient intakes in patients with obesity and prediabetes: A secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.16395"}, {"doi": "10.1111/dom.16419", "study": "Liraglutide improves peripheral perfusion and markers of angiogenesis and inflammation in people with type 2 diabetes and peripheral artery disease: An 18‐month follow‐up of a randomized clinical trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.16419"}], "claim": "This synthesis evaluates evidence on liraglutide metabolism effects across 12 included source papers and 766 high-confidence extracted claims. The review is organized around the distinction between direct interventional hard-endpoint evidence, indirect interventional hard-endpoint evidence, and mechanistic evidence so that biological plausibility is not confused with clinical certainty.", "claim_id": "claim_7"}, {"candidate_sources": [{"doi": "10.1038/s41591-025-04106-7", "study": "Liraglutide in mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease: a phase 2b clinical trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-025-04106-7"}, {"doi": "10.1210/clinem/dgae775", "study": "Weight Loss Induces Changes in Vitamin D Status in Women With Obesity But Not in Men: A Randomized Clinical Trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgae775"}, {"doi": "10.1111/dom.70393", "study": "Mental health changes after 4 months of weight loss treatment with the glucagon‐like peptide‐1 analogue liraglutide 3.0 mg", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.70393"}, {"doi": "10.1111/dom.16395", "study": "The influence of the glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonist, liraglutide, on dietary patterns and nutrient intakes in patients with obesity and prediabetes: A secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.16395"}, {"doi": "10.1111/dom.16419", "study": "Liraglutide improves peripheral perfusion and markers of angiogenesis and inflammation in people with type 2 diabetes and peripheral artery disease: An 18‐month follow‐up of a randomized clinical trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.16419"}], "claim": "The corpus contains 6 direct clinical sources, 6 adjacent clinical sources, and no sources classified primarily as mechanistic or model-system evidence. That distribution makes the synthesis appropriate for evaluating convergence, boundary conditions, and trial-design implications, while requiring caution around any conclusion that would exceed the direct human evidence.", "claim_id": "claim_8"}, {"candidate_sources": [{"doi": "10.1038/s41591-025-04106-7", "study": "Liraglutide in mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease: a phase 2b clinical trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-025-04106-7"}, {"doi": "10.1210/clinem/dgae775", "study": "Weight Loss Induces Changes in Vitamin D Status in Women With Obesity But Not in Men: A Randomized Clinical Trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgae775"}, {"doi": "10.1111/dom.70393", "study": "Mental health changes after 4 months of weight loss treatment with the glucagon‐like peptide‐1 analogue liraglutide 3.0 mg", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.70393"}, {"doi": "10.1111/dom.16395", "study": "The influence of the glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonist, liraglutide, on dietary patterns and nutrient intakes in patients with obesity and prediabetes: A secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.16395"}, {"doi": "10.1111/dom.16419", "study": "Liraglutide improves peripheral perfusion and markers of angiogenesis and inflammation in people with type 2 diabetes and peripheral artery disease: An 18‐month follow‐up of a randomized clinical trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.16419"}], "claim": "The thesis is: Across 12 curated reference papers, the evidence base for Liraglutide shows a context-dependent profile. Positive signals appear in: immune inflammation. Negative signals appear in: contextual other. Null findings dominate: cardiometabolic, contextual other. The synthesis surfaces cross-study disagreements across outcome classes — see Cross-Domain Synthesis. The Liraglutide anti-aging case as currently constituted is incomplete: mechanistic plausibility coexists with mixed or sparse human-RCT evidence, and the boundary conditions remain to be established. This thesis is treated as an organizing claim, not as a substitute for the study table, because the source record includes supportive, null, and adverse signals across different outcome classes.", "claim_id": "claim_9"}, {"candidate_sources": [{"doi": "10.1038/s41591-025-04106-7", "study": "Liraglutide in mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease: a phase 2b clinical trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-025-04106-7"}, {"doi": "10.1210/clinem/dgae775", "study": "Weight Loss Induces Changes in Vitamin D Status in Women With Obesity But Not in Men: A Randomized Clinical Trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgae775"}, {"doi": "10.1111/dom.70393", "study": "Mental health changes after 4 months of weight loss treatment with the glucagon‐like peptide‐1 analogue liraglutide 3.0 mg", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.70393"}, {"doi": "10.1111/dom.16395", "study": "The influence of the glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonist, liraglutide, on dietary patterns and nutrient intakes in patients with obesity and prediabetes: A secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.16395"}, {"doi": "10.1111/dom.16419", "study": "Liraglutide improves peripheral perfusion and markers of angiogenesis and inflammation in people with type 2 diabetes and peripheral artery disease: An 18‐month follow‐up of a randomized clinical trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.16419"}], "claim": "This distinction matters for publication because it makes the paper falsifiable. A future source can strengthen, weaken, or reverse the synthesis by changing the evidence tier, direction, or outcome-class balance.", "claim_id": "claim_10"}, {"candidate_sources": [{"doi": "10.1038/s41591-025-04106-7", "study": "Liraglutide in mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease: a phase 2b clinical trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-025-04106-7"}, {"doi": "10.1210/clinem/dgae775", "study": "Weight Loss Induces Changes in Vitamin D Status in Women With Obesity But Not in Men: A Randomized Clinical Trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgae775"}, {"doi": "10.1111/dom.70393", "study": "Mental health changes after 4 months of weight loss treatment with the glucagon‐like peptide‐1 analogue liraglutide 3.0 mg", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.70393"}, {"doi": "10.1111/dom.16395", "study": "The influence of the glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonist, liraglutide, on dietary patterns and nutrient intakes in patients with obesity and prediabetes: A secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.16395"}, {"doi": "10.1111/dom.16419", "study": "Liraglutide improves peripheral perfusion and markers of angiogenesis and inflammation in people with type 2 diabetes and peripheral artery disease: An 18‐month follow‐up of a randomized clinical trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.16419"}], "claim": "The mechanistic layer is most useful when it explains why a trial signal might appear or fail to appear. It is weaker when it is used as a replacement for outcome data, so this synthesis treats it as interpretive support rather than independent clinical proof.", "claim_id": "claim_11"}, {"candidate_sources": [{"doi": "10.1038/s41591-025-04106-7", "study": "Liraglutide in mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease: a phase 2b clinical trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-025-04106-7"}, {"doi": "10.1210/clinem/dgae775", "study": "Weight Loss Induces Changes in Vitamin D Status in Women With Obesity But Not in Men: A Randomized Clinical Trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgae775"}, {"doi": "10.1111/dom.70393", "study": "Mental health changes after 4 months of weight loss treatment with the glucagon‐like peptide‐1 analogue liraglutide 3.0 mg", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.70393"}, {"doi": "10.1111/dom.16395", "study": "The influence of the glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonist, liraglutide, on dietary patterns and nutrient intakes in patients with obesity and prediabetes: A secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.16395"}, {"doi": "10.1111/dom.16419", "study": "Liraglutide improves peripheral perfusion and markers of angiogenesis and inflammation in people with type 2 diabetes and peripheral artery disease: An 18‐month follow‐up of a randomized clinical trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.16419"}], "claim": "Null findings have a specific role in this evidence model. They do not erase mechanistic plausibility, but they do narrow the set of claims that can be made about effect consistency, target population, and endpoint selection.", "claim_id": "claim_12"}, {"candidate_sources": [{"doi": "10.1038/s41591-025-04106-7", "study": "Liraglutide in mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease: a phase 2b clinical trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-025-04106-7"}, {"doi": "10.1210/clinem/dgae775", "study": "Weight Loss Induces Changes in Vitamin D Status in Women With Obesity But Not in Men: A Randomized Clinical Trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgae775"}, {"doi": "10.1111/dom.70393", "study": "Mental health changes after 4 months of weight loss treatment with the glucagon‐like peptide‐1 analogue liraglutide 3.0 mg", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.70393"}, {"doi": "10.1111/dom.16395", "study": "The influence of the glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonist, liraglutide, on dietary patterns and nutrient intakes in patients with obesity and prediabetes: A secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.16395"}, {"doi": "10.1111/dom.16419", "study": "Liraglutide improves peripheral perfusion and markers of angiogenesis and inflammation in people with type 2 diabetes and peripheral artery disease: An 18‐month follow‐up of a randomized clinical trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.16419"}], "claim": "Adverse or negative signals are likewise retained in the main interpretation. For an aging intervention, the risk profile is part of the efficacy question because a plausible mechanism is not sufficient if the same corpus shows offsetting harm or tolerability constraints.", "claim_id": "claim_13"}, {"candidate_sources": [{"doi": "10.1038/s41591-025-04106-7", "study": "Liraglutide in mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease: a phase 2b clinical trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-025-04106-7"}, {"doi": "10.1210/clinem/dgae775", "study": "Weight Loss Induces Changes in Vitamin D Status in Women With Obesity But Not in Men: A Randomized Clinical Trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgae775"}, {"doi": "10.1111/dom.70393", "study": "Mental health changes after 4 months of weight loss treatment with the glucagon‐like peptide‐1 analogue liraglutide 3.0 mg", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.70393"}, {"doi": "10.1111/dom.16395", "study": "The influence of the glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonist, liraglutide, on dietary patterns and nutrient intakes in patients with obesity and prediabetes: A secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.16395"}, {"doi": "10.1111/dom.16419", "study": "Liraglutide improves peripheral perfusion and markers of angiogenesis and inflammation in people with type 2 diabetes and peripheral artery disease: An 18‐month follow‐up of a randomized clinical trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.16419"}], "claim": "The evidence base also distinguishes breadth from certainty. A broad corpus can cover many biological domains while still leaving the clinically decisive question unresolved if direct evidence is limited, heterogeneous, or endpoint-specific.", "claim_id": "claim_14"}, {"candidate_sources": [{"doi": "10.1038/s41591-025-04106-7", "study": "Liraglutide in mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease: a phase 2b clinical trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-025-04106-7"}, {"doi": "10.1210/clinem/dgae775", "study": "Weight Loss Induces Changes in Vitamin D Status in Women With Obesity But Not in Men: A Randomized Clinical Trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgae775"}, {"doi": "10.1111/dom.70393", "study": "Mental health changes after 4 months of weight loss treatment with the glucagon‐like peptide‐1 analogue liraglutide 3.0 mg", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.70393"}, {"doi": "10.1111/dom.16395", "study": "The influence of the glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonist, liraglutide, on dietary patterns and nutrient intakes in patients with obesity and prediabetes: A secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.16395"}, {"doi": "10.1111/dom.16419", "study": "Liraglutide improves peripheral perfusion and markers of angiogenesis and inflammation in people with type 2 diabetes and peripheral artery disease: An 18‐month follow‐up of a randomized clinical trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.16419"}], "claim": "The background evidence for liraglutide metabolism effects is heterogeneous rather than uniformly confirmatory. Direct clinical sources such as Holt 2024, Richardson 2025, Caruso 2025 are interpreted separately from mechanistic studies such as the retained evidence base, because these evidence roles answer different questions about aging biology and clinical translation.", "claim_id": "claim_15"}, {"candidate_sources": [{"doi": "10.1038/s41591-025-04106-7", "study": "Liraglutide in mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease: a phase 2b clinical trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-025-04106-7"}, {"doi": "10.1210/clinem/dgae775", "study": "Weight Loss Induces Changes in Vitamin D Status in Women With Obesity But Not in Men: A Randomized Clinical Trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgae775"}, {"doi": "10.1111/dom.70393", "study": "Mental health changes after 4 months of weight loss treatment with the glucagon‐like peptide‐1 analogue liraglutide 3.0 mg", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.70393"}, {"doi": "10.1111/dom.16395", "study": "The influence of the glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonist, liraglutide, on dietary patterns and nutrient intakes in patients with obesity and prediabetes: A secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.16395"}, {"doi": "10.1111/dom.16419", "study": "Liraglutide improves peripheral perfusion and markers of angiogenesis and inflammation in people with type 2 diabetes and peripheral artery disease: An 18‐month follow‐up of a randomized clinical trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.16419"}], "claim": "The direct evidence establishes what has been observed in human or adjacent clinical settings. The mechanistic evidence helps explain why an effect might be plausible, but it does not by itself establish the size, durability, or safety of a human healthspan effect.", "claim_id": "claim_16"}, {"candidate_sources": [{"doi": "10.1038/s41591-025-04106-7", "study": "Liraglutide in mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease: a phase 2b clinical trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-025-04106-7"}, {"doi": "10.1210/clinem/dgae775", "study": "Weight Loss Induces Changes in Vitamin D Status in Women With Obesity But Not in Men: A Randomized Clinical Trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgae775"}, {"doi": "10.1111/dom.70393", "study": "Mental health changes after 4 months of weight loss treatment with the glucagon‐like peptide‐1 analogue liraglutide 3.0 mg", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.70393"}, {"doi": "10.1111/dom.16395", "study": "The influence of the glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonist, liraglutide, on dietary patterns and nutrient intakes in patients with obesity and prediabetes: A secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.16395"}, {"doi": "10.1111/dom.16419", "study": "Liraglutide improves peripheral perfusion and markers of angiogenesis and inflammation in people with type 2 diabetes and peripheral artery disease: An 18‐month follow‐up of a randomized clinical trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.16419"}], "claim": "Across the retained sources, positive signals cluster around the immune and inflammation outcome class; null signals around the cardiometabolic and contextual adjacent evidence outcome classes; and negative or adverse signals around the contextual adjacent evidence outcome class. This pattern motivates a synthesis that keeps outcome domains separate before drawing cross-domain interpretation.", "claim_id": "claim_17"}, {"candidate_sources": [{"doi": "10.1038/s41591-025-04106-7", "study": "Liraglutide in mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease: a phase 2b clinical trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-025-04106-7"}, {"doi": "10.1210/clinem/dgae775", "study": "Weight Loss Induces Changes in Vitamin D Status in Women With Obesity But Not in Men: A Randomized Clinical Trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgae775"}, {"doi": "10.1111/dom.70393", "study": "Mental health changes after 4 months of weight loss treatment with the glucagon‐like peptide‐1 analogue liraglutide 3.0 mg", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.70393"}, {"doi": "10.1111/dom.16395", "study": "The influence of the glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonist, liraglutide, on dietary patterns and nutrient intakes in patients with obesity and prediabetes: A secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.16395"}, {"doi": "10.1111/dom.16419", "study": "Liraglutide improves peripheral perfusion and markers of angiogenesis and inflammation in people with type 2 diabetes and peripheral artery disease: An 18‐month follow‐up of a randomized clinical trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.16419"}], "claim": "The study-level structure also prevents selective emphasis. 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Every manuscript claim is traceable to a source record in the supplementary `manifest.json`. Final eligibility and interpretation decisions are author-verified.", "claim_id": "claim_23"}, {"candidate_sources": [{"doi": "10.1038/s41591-025-04106-7", "study": "Liraglutide in mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease: a phase 2b clinical trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-025-04106-7"}, {"doi": "10.1210/clinem/dgae775", "study": "Weight Loss Induces Changes in Vitamin D Status in Women With Obesity But Not in Men: A Randomized Clinical Trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgae775"}, {"doi": "10.1111/dom.70393", "study": "Mental health changes after 4 months of weight loss treatment with the glucagon‐like peptide‐1 analogue liraglutide 3.0 mg", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.70393"}, {"doi": "10.1111/dom.16395", "study": "The influence of the glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonist, liraglutide, on dietary patterns and nutrient intakes in patients with obesity and prediabetes: A secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.16395"}, {"doi": "10.1111/dom.16419", "study": "Liraglutide improves peripheral perfusion and markers of angiogenesis and inflammation in people with type 2 diabetes and peripheral artery disease: An 18‐month follow‐up of a randomized clinical trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.16419"}], "claim": "Outcome-class note:** Contextual Adjacent Evidence denotes background, boundary-condition, or adjacent-outcome sources. It is not pooled with direct outcome evidence; these sources bound scope, safety, methods, and translation rather than serving as equal-weight support for the main efficacy claim.", "claim_id": "claim_24"}, {"candidate_sources": [{"doi": "10.1038/s41591-025-04106-7", "study": "Liraglutide in mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease: a phase 2b clinical trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-025-04106-7"}, {"doi": "10.1210/clinem/dgae775", "study": "Weight Loss Induces Changes in Vitamin D Status in Women With Obesity But Not in Men: A Randomized Clinical Trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgae775"}, {"doi": "10.1111/dom.70393", "study": "Mental health changes after 4 months of weight loss treatment with the glucagon‐like peptide‐1 analogue liraglutide 3.0 mg", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.70393"}, {"doi": "10.1111/dom.16395", "study": "The influence of the glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonist, liraglutide, on dietary patterns and nutrient intakes in patients with obesity and prediabetes: A secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.16395"}, {"doi": "10.1111/dom.16419", "study": "Liraglutide improves peripheral perfusion and markers of angiogenesis and inflammation in people with type 2 diabetes and peripheral artery disease: An 18‐month follow‐up of a randomized clinical trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.16419"}], "claim": "| Evidence domain | Corpus slice | Strongest signal | Directness | Main limitation |", "claim_id": "claim_25"}, {"candidate_sources": [{"doi": "10.1038/s41591-025-04106-7", "study": "Liraglutide in mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease: a phase 2b clinical trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-025-04106-7"}, {"doi": "10.1210/clinem/dgae775", "study": "Weight Loss Induces Changes in Vitamin D Status in Women With Obesity But Not in Men: A Randomized Clinical Trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgae775"}, {"doi": "10.1111/dom.70393", "study": "Mental health changes after 4 months of weight loss treatment with the glucagon‐like peptide‐1 analogue liraglutide 3.0 mg", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.70393"}, {"doi": "10.1111/dom.16395", "study": "The influence of the glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonist, liraglutide, on dietary patterns and nutrient intakes in patients with obesity and prediabetes: A secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.16395"}, {"doi": "10.1111/dom.16419", "study": "Liraglutide improves peripheral perfusion and markers of angiogenesis and inflammation in people with type 2 diabetes and peripheral artery disease: An 18‐month follow‐up of a randomized clinical trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.16419"}], "claim": "| Contextual Adjacent Evidence | n=6; claims=440 | unclear signal in 2/6 sources | 4 direct; 2 indirect | limited corpus depth in this outcome class |", "claim_id": "claim_26"}, {"candidate_sources": [{"doi": "10.1038/s41591-025-04106-7", "study": "Liraglutide in mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease: a phase 2b clinical trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-025-04106-7"}, {"doi": "10.1210/clinem/dgae775", "study": "Weight Loss Induces Changes in Vitamin D Status in Women With Obesity But Not in Men: A Randomized Clinical Trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgae775"}, {"doi": "10.1111/dom.70393", "study": "Mental health changes after 4 months of weight loss treatment with the glucagon‐like peptide‐1 analogue liraglutide 3.0 mg", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.70393"}, {"doi": "10.1111/dom.16395", "study": "The influence of the glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonist, liraglutide, on dietary patterns and nutrient intakes in patients with obesity and prediabetes: A secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.16395"}, {"doi": "10.1111/dom.16419", "study": "Liraglutide improves peripheral perfusion and markers of angiogenesis and inflammation in people with type 2 diabetes and peripheral artery disease: An 18‐month follow‐up of a randomized clinical trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.16419"}], "claim": "Contextual Adjacent Evidence: n=6; claims=440; mixed signal in 2/6 sources | directness: 4 direct; 2 indirect; main limitation: directionally heterogeneous.", "claim_id": "claim_27"}, {"candidate_sources": [{"doi": "10.1038/s41591-025-04106-7", "study": "Liraglutide in mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease: a phase 2b clinical trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-025-04106-7"}, {"doi": "10.1210/clinem/dgae775", "study": "Weight Loss Induces Changes in Vitamin D Status in Women With Obesity But Not in Men: A Randomized Clinical Trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgae775"}, {"doi": "10.1111/dom.70393", "study": "Mental health changes after 4 months of weight loss treatment with the glucagon‐like peptide‐1 analogue liraglutide 3.0 mg", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.70393"}, {"doi": "10.1111/dom.16395", "study": "The influence of the glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonist, liraglutide, on dietary patterns and nutrient intakes in patients with obesity and prediabetes: A secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.16395"}, {"doi": "10.1111/dom.16419", "study": "Liraglutide improves peripheral perfusion and markers of angiogenesis and inflammation in people with type 2 diabetes and peripheral artery disease: An 18‐month follow‐up of a randomized clinical trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.16419"}], "claim": "Immune and Inflammation: n=1; claims=69; benefit signal in 1/1 sources | directness: 1 direct; main limitation: single-source support.", "claim_id": "claim_28"}, {"candidate_sources": [{"doi": "10.1038/s41591-025-04106-7", "study": "Liraglutide in mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease: a phase 2b clinical trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-025-04106-7"}, {"doi": "10.1210/clinem/dgae775", "study": "Weight Loss Induces Changes in Vitamin D Status in Women With Obesity But Not in Men: A Randomized Clinical Trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgae775"}, {"doi": "10.1111/dom.70393", "study": "Mental health changes after 4 months of weight loss treatment with the glucagon‐like peptide‐1 analogue liraglutide 3.0 mg", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.70393"}, {"doi": "10.1111/dom.16395", "study": "The influence of the glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonist, liraglutide, on dietary patterns and nutrient intakes in patients with obesity and prediabetes: A secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.16395"}, {"doi": "10.1111/dom.16419", "study": "Liraglutide improves peripheral perfusion and markers of angiogenesis and inflammation in people with type 2 diabetes and peripheral artery disease: An 18‐month follow‐up of a randomized clinical trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.16419"}], "claim": "A 52-week randomized placebo-controlled trial in adults with obesity examined the metabolic and anthropometric effects of liraglutide, exercise, or their combination, with vitamin D status as a secondary outcome (Holt 2024). The trial tested a full factorial design across four arms, with the primary metabolic endpoints spanning body weight, glycemic indices, and vitamin D metabolism (Holt 2024). The per-study endpoint detail for each of these p-values is consolidated in the evidence synthesis to avoid restating each tuple in prose.", "claim_id": "claim_29"}, {"candidate_sources": [{"doi": "10.1038/s41591-025-04106-7", "study": "Liraglutide in mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease: a phase 2b clinical trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-025-04106-7"}, {"doi": "10.1210/clinem/dgae775", "study": "Weight Loss Induces Changes in Vitamin D Status in Women With Obesity But Not in Men: A Randomized Clinical Trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgae775"}, {"doi": "10.1111/dom.70393", "study": "Mental health changes after 4 months of weight loss treatment with the glucagon‐like peptide‐1 analogue liraglutide 3.0 mg", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.70393"}, {"doi": "10.1111/dom.16395", "study": "The influence of the glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonist, liraglutide, on dietary patterns and nutrient intakes in patients with obesity and prediabetes: A secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.16395"}, {"doi": "10.1111/dom.16419", "study": "Liraglutide improves peripheral perfusion and markers of angiogenesis and inflammation in people with type 2 diabetes and peripheral artery disease: An 18‐month follow‐up of a randomized clinical trial", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.16419"}], "claim": "A sex-stratified secondary finding from the same RCT is the most interpretively distinctive metabolic signal in the corpus: weight loss induced changes in vitamin D status in women with obesity but not in men (Holt 2024). The trial therefore delivers a mixed cardiometabolic profile rather than a uniform direction of effect, and the reader is referred to the evidence synthesis for the full per-comparison inventory.", "claim_id": "claim_30"}]}

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