source · application/json
source_cce553b0df024f40
sha256 5e260773b0a1b5bd81d7cb47edc1e1d5f0330265235c7aae32dd426b215d1b08
by researka:v2 · 2026-06-25 17:55:43.290410+04:00
{"publication_id": "eba8212f-8d73-46b5-a9e5-c7015d75c885", "traces": [{"candidate_sources": [{"doi": "10.1007/s44470-025-00036-w", "study": "Steam-assisted respiratory muscle training may improve sleep quality in mild-to-moderate obstructive sleep apnea: a pilot polysomnography study", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s44470-025-00036-w"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03614-1", "study": "Association of reduced REM sleep with mortality in adults with coronary artery disease and obstructive sleep apnea in the RICCADSA cohort", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03614-1"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03617-y", "study": "Predicting sleep apnea worsening and cardiometabolic risk without treatment", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03617-y"}, {"doi": "10.3390/clockssleep8010004", "study": "Prevalence of Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Adherence to CPAP for TAXI Drivers", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/clockssleep8010004"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03707-x", "study": "Could behaviour change interventions be incorporated into cardiac rehabilitation programmes for insomnia and poor sleep quality management? A scoping review", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03707-x"}], "claim": "This synthesis tests the thesis that evidence for Sleep health is context-dependent, separating outcome-specific signals from broader claims and identifying the evidence gaps that should bound interpretation.", "claim_id": "claim_1"}, {"candidate_sources": [{"doi": "10.1007/s44470-025-00036-w", "study": "Steam-assisted respiratory muscle training may improve sleep quality in mild-to-moderate obstructive sleep apnea: a pilot polysomnography study", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s44470-025-00036-w"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03614-1", "study": "Association of reduced REM sleep with mortality in adults with coronary artery disease and obstructive sleep apnea in the RICCADSA cohort", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03614-1"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03617-y", "study": "Predicting sleep apnea worsening and cardiometabolic risk without treatment", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03617-y"}, {"doi": "10.3390/clockssleep8010004", "study": "Prevalence of Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Adherence to CPAP for TAXI Drivers", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/clockssleep8010004"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03707-x", "study": "Could behaviour change interventions be incorporated into cardiac rehabilitation programmes for insomnia and poor sleep quality management? A scoping review", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03707-x"}], "claim": "Evidence-honesty note: 9/13 retained sources are coded as null or no extracted directional signal; this corpus is non-supportive for clinical efficacy claims and hypothesis-generating only. Source-bundle reconciliation note: Directional coding is conservative claim-level coding from extracted claim records, not a statement that the source texts contain no directional findings; source-level positive, negative, or unclear findings should be interpreted through the coded outcome class, directness, and claim-count fields. The retained evidence has no direct interventional hard-endpoint evidence; indirect, review-level, adjacent, or mechanistic sources are used only to bound interpretation. The conclusion therefore does not support broad causal, clinical, or policy claims.", "claim_id": "claim_2"}, {"candidate_sources": [{"doi": "10.1007/s44470-025-00036-w", "study": "Steam-assisted respiratory muscle training may improve sleep quality in mild-to-moderate obstructive sleep apnea: a pilot polysomnography study", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s44470-025-00036-w"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03614-1", "study": "Association of reduced REM sleep with mortality in adults with coronary artery disease and obstructive sleep apnea in the RICCADSA cohort", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03614-1"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03617-y", "study": "Predicting sleep apnea worsening and cardiometabolic risk without treatment", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03617-y"}, {"doi": "10.3390/clockssleep8010004", "study": "Prevalence of Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Adherence to CPAP for TAXI Drivers", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/clockssleep8010004"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03707-x", "study": "Could behaviour change interventions be incorporated into cardiac rehabilitation programmes for insomnia and poor sleep quality management? A scoping review", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03707-x"}], "claim": "This paper synthesizes evidence on Sleep health across 13 included source papers and 452 high-confidence extracted claims.", "claim_id": "claim_3"}, {"candidate_sources": [{"doi": "10.1007/s44470-025-00036-w", "study": "Steam-assisted respiratory muscle training may improve sleep quality in mild-to-moderate obstructive sleep apnea: a pilot polysomnography study", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s44470-025-00036-w"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03614-1", "study": "Association of reduced REM sleep with mortality in adults with coronary artery disease and obstructive sleep apnea in the RICCADSA cohort", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03614-1"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03617-y", "study": "Predicting sleep apnea worsening and cardiometabolic risk without treatment", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03617-y"}, {"doi": "10.3390/clockssleep8010004", "study": "Prevalence of Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Adherence to CPAP for TAXI Drivers", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/clockssleep8010004"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03707-x", "study": "Could behaviour change interventions be incorporated into cardiac rehabilitation programmes for insomnia and poor sleep quality management? A scoping review", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03707-x"}], "claim": "The evidence profile contains no sources classified primarily as direct interventional hard-endpoint evidence, 13 adjacent clinical sources, and no sources classified primarily as mechanistic or model-system evidence, with 1 cross-study disagreement across the evidence base.", "claim_id": "claim_4"}, {"candidate_sources": [{"doi": "10.1007/s44470-025-00036-w", "study": "Steam-assisted respiratory muscle training may improve sleep quality in mild-to-moderate obstructive sleep apnea: a pilot polysomnography study", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s44470-025-00036-w"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03614-1", "study": "Association of reduced REM sleep with mortality in adults with coronary artery disease and obstructive sleep apnea in the RICCADSA cohort", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03614-1"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03617-y", "study": "Predicting sleep apnea worsening and cardiometabolic risk without treatment", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03617-y"}, {"doi": "10.3390/clockssleep8010004", "study": "Prevalence of Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Adherence to CPAP for TAXI Drivers", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/clockssleep8010004"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03707-x", "study": "Could behaviour change interventions be incorporated into cardiac rehabilitation programmes for insomnia and poor sleep quality management? A scoping review", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03707-x"}], "claim": "No single positive outcome class dominates the retained corpus; null signals cluster in the contextual adjacent evidence, muscle function and deficiency prevalence outcome classes, and negative signals cluster in the cardiometabolic outcome class. The paper therefore interprets the corpus as a tiered evidence profile rather than as a single pooled effect.", "claim_id": "claim_5"}, {"candidate_sources": [{"doi": "10.1007/s44470-025-00036-w", "study": "Steam-assisted respiratory muscle training may improve sleep quality in mild-to-moderate obstructive sleep apnea: a pilot polysomnography study", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s44470-025-00036-w"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03614-1", "study": "Association of reduced REM sleep with mortality in adults with coronary artery disease and obstructive sleep apnea in the RICCADSA cohort", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03614-1"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03617-y", "study": "Predicting sleep apnea worsening and cardiometabolic risk without treatment", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03617-y"}, {"doi": "10.3390/clockssleep8010004", "study": "Prevalence of Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Adherence to CPAP for TAXI Drivers", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/clockssleep8010004"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03707-x", "study": "Could behaviour change interventions be incorporated into cardiac rehabilitation programmes for insomnia and poor sleep quality management? A scoping review", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03707-x"}], "claim": "The conclusion is that Sleep health should be treated as a bounded geroscience hypothesis: the retained clinical and adjacent evidence profile defines the scope for targeted testing, while mixed and null findings limit any unqualified anti-aging claim.", "claim_id": "claim_6"}, {"candidate_sources": [{"doi": "10.1007/s44470-025-00036-w", "study": "Steam-assisted respiratory muscle training may improve sleep quality in mild-to-moderate obstructive sleep apnea: a pilot polysomnography study", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s44470-025-00036-w"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03614-1", "study": "Association of reduced REM sleep with mortality in adults with coronary artery disease and obstructive sleep apnea in the RICCADSA cohort", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03614-1"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03617-y", "study": "Predicting sleep apnea worsening and cardiometabolic risk without treatment", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03617-y"}, {"doi": "10.3390/clockssleep8010004", "study": "Prevalence of Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Adherence to CPAP for TAXI Drivers", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/clockssleep8010004"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03707-x", "study": "Could behaviour change interventions be incorporated into cardiac rehabilitation programmes for insomnia and poor sleep quality management? A scoping review", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03707-x"}], "claim": "This manuscript is reported as a Evidence brief. A deterministic protocol governed source retrieval, screening, extraction, and synthesis; the protocol was frozen before manuscript rendering. The full audit trail is in the supplementary `methods_pack.json` and the timestamped submission directory `synthesis-sleep_health-v06-DAILY-2026-06-25T13-45-37Z`.", "claim_id": "claim_7"}, {"candidate_sources": [{"doi": "10.1007/s44470-025-00036-w", "study": "Steam-assisted respiratory muscle training may improve sleep quality in mild-to-moderate obstructive sleep apnea: a pilot polysomnography study", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s44470-025-00036-w"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03614-1", "study": "Association of reduced REM sleep with mortality in adults with coronary artery disease and obstructive sleep apnea in the RICCADSA cohort", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03614-1"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03617-y", "study": "Predicting sleep apnea worsening and cardiometabolic risk without treatment", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03617-y"}, {"doi": "10.3390/clockssleep8010004", "study": "Prevalence of Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Adherence to CPAP for TAXI Drivers", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/clockssleep8010004"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03707-x", "study": "Could behaviour change interventions be incorporated into cardiac rehabilitation programmes for insomnia and poor sleep quality management? A scoping review", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03707-x"}], "claim": "The following fields were extracted from each included source: study design, population / cohort, intervention or exposure, comparator, outcome class, effect direction, effect size, confidence interval or credible interval, p-value, sample size, follow-up duration, risk-of-bias rating. Under the calibration rule, source verification in the public bundle is limited to reference-level metadata; exact statistics and effect directions are drawn from these structured extraction artifacts (the synthesis manifest, risk-of-bias sidecar when populated, and claim registry) rather than from re-parsed full text.", "claim_id": "claim_8"}, {"candidate_sources": [{"doi": "10.1007/s44470-025-00036-w", "study": "Steam-assisted respiratory muscle training may improve sleep quality in mild-to-moderate obstructive sleep apnea: a pilot polysomnography study", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s44470-025-00036-w"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03614-1", "study": "Association of reduced REM sleep with mortality in adults with coronary artery disease and obstructive sleep apnea in the RICCADSA cohort", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03614-1"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03617-y", "study": "Predicting sleep apnea worsening and cardiometabolic risk without treatment", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03617-y"}, {"doi": "10.3390/clockssleep8010004", "study": "Prevalence of Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Adherence to CPAP for TAXI Drivers", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/clockssleep8010004"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03707-x", "study": "Could behaviour change interventions be incorporated into cardiac rehabilitation programmes for insomnia and poor sleep quality management? A scoping review", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03707-x"}], "claim": "Risk-of-bias framework assignment follows study design (RoB-2 for RCTs, ROBINS-I for non-randomised studies, AMSTAR-2 for systematic reviews / meta-analyses). Public appraisal claims are limited to populated `risk_of_bias.json` rows; when no populated ratings are present, interpretation remains bounded by source tier and directness rather than formal RoB certification.", "claim_id": "claim_9"}, {"candidate_sources": [{"doi": "10.1007/s44470-025-00036-w", "study": "Steam-assisted respiratory muscle training may improve sleep quality in mild-to-moderate obstructive sleep apnea: a pilot polysomnography study", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s44470-025-00036-w"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03614-1", "study": "Association of reduced REM sleep with mortality in adults with coronary artery disease and obstructive sleep apnea in the RICCADSA cohort", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03614-1"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03617-y", "study": "Predicting sleep apnea worsening and cardiometabolic risk without treatment", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03617-y"}, {"doi": "10.3390/clockssleep8010004", "study": "Prevalence of Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Adherence to CPAP for TAXI Drivers", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/clockssleep8010004"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03707-x", "study": "Could behaviour change interventions be incorporated into cardiac rehabilitation programmes for insomnia and poor sleep quality management? A scoping review", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03707-x"}], "claim": "Evidence-tension synthesis: claims grouped by outcome class (cardiometabolic, contextual adjacent evidence, deficiency prevalence, longevity, mortality and survival, muscle function, safety and comorbidity); within-class agreement, disagreement, and directness gaps surfaced explicitly. Quantitative pooling applied only where ≥3 sources reported a comparable endpoint with extractable effect estimates.", "claim_id": "claim_10"}, {"candidate_sources": [{"doi": "10.1007/s44470-025-00036-w", "study": "Steam-assisted respiratory muscle training may improve sleep quality in mild-to-moderate obstructive sleep apnea: a pilot polysomnography study", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s44470-025-00036-w"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03614-1", "study": "Association of reduced REM sleep with mortality in adults with coronary artery disease and obstructive sleep apnea in the RICCADSA cohort", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03614-1"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03617-y", "study": "Predicting sleep apnea worsening and cardiometabolic risk without treatment", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03617-y"}, {"doi": "10.3390/clockssleep8010004", "study": "Prevalence of Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Adherence to CPAP for TAXI Drivers", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/clockssleep8010004"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03707-x", "study": "Could behaviour change interventions be incorporated into cardiac rehabilitation programmes for insomnia and poor sleep quality management? A scoping review", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03707-x"}], "claim": "Source retrieval, claim extraction, evidence routing, and prose drafting were assisted by large language models under a deterministic audit-trail protocol. Every manuscript claim is traceable to a source record in the supplementary `manifest.json`. Final eligibility and interpretation decisions are author-verified.", "claim_id": "claim_11"}, {"candidate_sources": [{"doi": "10.1007/s44470-025-00036-w", "study": "Steam-assisted respiratory muscle training may improve sleep quality in mild-to-moderate obstructive sleep apnea: a pilot polysomnography study", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s44470-025-00036-w"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03614-1", "study": "Association of reduced REM sleep with mortality in adults with coronary artery disease and obstructive sleep apnea in the RICCADSA cohort", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03614-1"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03617-y", "study": "Predicting sleep apnea worsening and cardiometabolic risk without treatment", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03617-y"}, {"doi": "10.3390/clockssleep8010004", "study": "Prevalence of Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Adherence to CPAP for TAXI Drivers", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/clockssleep8010004"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03707-x", "study": "Could behaviour change interventions be incorporated into cardiac rehabilitation programmes for insomnia and poor sleep quality management? A scoping review", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03707-x"}], "claim": "Outcome-class note:** Contextual Adjacent Evidence denotes background, boundary-condition, or adjacent-outcome sources. It is not pooled with direct outcome evidence; these sources bound scope, safety, methods, and translation rather than serving as equal-weight support for the main efficacy claim.", "claim_id": "claim_12"}, {"candidate_sources": [{"doi": "10.1007/s44470-025-00036-w", "study": "Steam-assisted respiratory muscle training may improve sleep quality in mild-to-moderate obstructive sleep apnea: a pilot polysomnography study", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s44470-025-00036-w"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03614-1", "study": "Association of reduced REM sleep with mortality in adults with coronary artery disease and obstructive sleep apnea in the RICCADSA cohort", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03614-1"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03617-y", "study": "Predicting sleep apnea worsening and cardiometabolic risk without treatment", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03617-y"}, {"doi": "10.3390/clockssleep8010004", "study": "Prevalence of Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Adherence to CPAP for TAXI Drivers", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/clockssleep8010004"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03707-x", "study": "Could behaviour change interventions be incorporated into cardiac rehabilitation programmes for insomnia and poor sleep quality management? A scoping review", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03707-x"}], "claim": "| Evidence domain | Corpus slice | Strongest signal | Directness | Main limitation |", "claim_id": "claim_13"}, {"candidate_sources": [{"doi": "10.1007/s44470-025-00036-w", "study": "Steam-assisted respiratory muscle training may improve sleep quality in mild-to-moderate obstructive sleep apnea: a pilot polysomnography study", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s44470-025-00036-w"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03614-1", "study": "Association of reduced REM sleep with mortality in adults with coronary artery disease and obstructive sleep apnea in the RICCADSA cohort", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03614-1"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03617-y", "study": "Predicting sleep apnea worsening and cardiometabolic risk without treatment", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03617-y"}, {"doi": "10.3390/clockssleep8010004", "study": "Prevalence of Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Adherence to CPAP for TAXI Drivers", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/clockssleep8010004"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03707-x", "study": "Could behaviour change interventions be incorporated into cardiac rehabilitation programmes for insomnia and poor sleep quality management? A scoping review", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03707-x"}], "claim": "| Contextual Adjacent Evidence | n=5; claims=45 | no extracted directional signal in 4/5 sources | 5 review | limited corpus depth in this outcome class |", "claim_id": "claim_14"}, {"candidate_sources": [{"doi": "10.1007/s44470-025-00036-w", "study": "Steam-assisted respiratory muscle training may improve sleep quality in mild-to-moderate obstructive sleep apnea: a pilot polysomnography study", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s44470-025-00036-w"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03614-1", "study": "Association of reduced REM sleep with mortality in adults with coronary artery disease and obstructive sleep apnea in the RICCADSA cohort", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03614-1"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03617-y", "study": "Predicting sleep apnea worsening and cardiometabolic risk without treatment", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03617-y"}, {"doi": "10.3390/clockssleep8010004", "study": "Prevalence of Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Adherence to CPAP for TAXI Drivers", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/clockssleep8010004"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03707-x", "study": "Could behaviour change interventions be incorporated into cardiac rehabilitation programmes for insomnia and poor sleep quality management? A scoping review", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03707-x"}], "claim": "This evidence brief reports outcome packets as a map of retained evidence rather than as a full journal Results narrative or pooled effect estimate.", "claim_id": "claim_15"}, {"candidate_sources": [{"doi": "10.1007/s44470-025-00036-w", "study": "Steam-assisted respiratory muscle training may improve sleep quality in mild-to-moderate obstructive sleep apnea: a pilot polysomnography study", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s44470-025-00036-w"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03614-1", "study": "Association of reduced REM sleep with mortality in adults with coronary artery disease and obstructive sleep apnea in the RICCADSA cohort", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03614-1"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03617-y", "study": "Predicting sleep apnea worsening and cardiometabolic risk without treatment", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03617-y"}, {"doi": "10.3390/clockssleep8010004", "study": "Prevalence of Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Adherence to CPAP for TAXI Drivers", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/clockssleep8010004"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03707-x", "study": "Could behaviour change interventions be incorporated into cardiac rehabilitation programmes for insomnia and poor sleep quality management? A scoping review", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03707-x"}], "claim": "5 included sources were assigned to this outcome class. Directional coding: null=4, unclear=1. Directness coding: review=5.", "claim_id": "claim_16"}, {"candidate_sources": [{"doi": "10.1007/s44470-025-00036-w", "study": "Steam-assisted respiratory muscle training may improve sleep quality in mild-to-moderate obstructive sleep apnea: a pilot polysomnography study", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s44470-025-00036-w"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03614-1", "study": "Association of reduced REM sleep with mortality in adults with coronary artery disease and obstructive sleep apnea in the RICCADSA cohort", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03614-1"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03617-y", "study": "Predicting sleep apnea worsening and cardiometabolic risk without treatment", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03617-y"}, {"doi": "10.3390/clockssleep8010004", "study": "Prevalence of Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Adherence to CPAP for TAXI Drivers", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/clockssleep8010004"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03707-x", "study": "Could behaviour change interventions be incorporated into cardiac rehabilitation programmes for insomnia and poor sleep quality management? A scoping review", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03707-x"}], "claim": "2 included sources were assigned to this outcome class. Directional coding: negative=1, null=1. Directness coding: indirect=2.", "claim_id": "claim_17"}, {"candidate_sources": [{"doi": "10.1007/s44470-025-00036-w", "study": "Steam-assisted respiratory muscle training may improve sleep quality in mild-to-moderate obstructive sleep apnea: a pilot polysomnography study", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s44470-025-00036-w"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03614-1", "study": "Association of reduced REM sleep with mortality in adults with coronary artery disease and obstructive sleep apnea in the RICCADSA cohort", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03614-1"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03617-y", "study": "Predicting sleep apnea worsening and cardiometabolic risk without treatment", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03617-y"}, {"doi": "10.3390/clockssleep8010004", "study": "Prevalence of Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Adherence to CPAP for TAXI Drivers", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/clockssleep8010004"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03707-x", "study": "Could behaviour change interventions be incorporated into cardiac rehabilitation programmes for insomnia and poor sleep quality management? A scoping review", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03707-x"}], "claim": "2 included sources were assigned to this outcome class. Directional coding: null=2. Directness coding: indirect=1, review=1.", "claim_id": "claim_18"}, {"candidate_sources": [{"doi": "10.1007/s44470-025-00036-w", "study": "Steam-assisted respiratory muscle training may improve sleep quality in mild-to-moderate obstructive sleep apnea: a pilot polysomnography study", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s44470-025-00036-w"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03614-1", "study": "Association of reduced REM sleep with mortality in adults with coronary artery disease and obstructive sleep apnea in the RICCADSA cohort", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03614-1"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03617-y", "study": "Predicting sleep apnea worsening and cardiometabolic risk without treatment", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03617-y"}, {"doi": "10.3390/clockssleep8010004", "study": "Prevalence of Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Adherence to CPAP for TAXI Drivers", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/clockssleep8010004"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03707-x", "study": "Could behaviour change interventions be incorporated into cardiac rehabilitation programmes for insomnia and poor sleep quality management? 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Directness coding: indirect=1.", "claim_id": "claim_20"}, {"candidate_sources": [{"doi": "10.1007/s44470-025-00036-w", "study": "Steam-assisted respiratory muscle training may improve sleep quality in mild-to-moderate obstructive sleep apnea: a pilot polysomnography study", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s44470-025-00036-w"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03614-1", "study": "Association of reduced REM sleep with mortality in adults with coronary artery disease and obstructive sleep apnea in the RICCADSA cohort", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03614-1"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03617-y", "study": "Predicting sleep apnea worsening and cardiometabolic risk without treatment", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03617-y"}, {"doi": "10.3390/clockssleep8010004", "study": "Prevalence of Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Adherence to CPAP for TAXI Drivers", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/clockssleep8010004"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03707-x", "study": "Could behaviour change interventions be incorporated into cardiac rehabilitation programmes for insomnia and poor sleep quality management? A scoping review", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03707-x"}], "claim": "Verification note:** Reference-only or no-abstract records are treated as verification-limited context, not as equal-weight support for the main claim.", "claim_id": "claim_21"}, {"candidate_sources": [{"doi": "10.1007/s44470-025-00036-w", "study": "Steam-assisted respiratory muscle training may improve sleep quality in mild-to-moderate obstructive sleep apnea: a pilot polysomnography study", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s44470-025-00036-w"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03614-1", "study": "Association of reduced REM sleep with mortality in adults with coronary artery disease and obstructive sleep apnea in the RICCADSA cohort", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03614-1"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03617-y", "study": "Predicting sleep apnea worsening and cardiometabolic risk without treatment", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03617-y"}, {"doi": "10.3390/clockssleep8010004", "study": "Prevalence of Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Adherence to CPAP for TAXI Drivers", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/clockssleep8010004"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03707-x", "study": "Could behaviour change interventions be incorporated into cardiac rehabilitation programmes for insomnia and poor sleep quality management? A scoping review", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03707-x"}], "claim": "The curated corpus does not contain any long-term mortality randomized controlled trial in non-diabetic adults with sleep-disordered breathing, which means that the hard-outcome claims that anchor the headline framing rest on observational associations rather than randomized evidence. The lack of any trial with all-cause mortality as the primary endpoint, in any population, means the synthesizing claim that sleep-health optimization extends lifespan remains underdetermined by the present corpus.", "claim_id": "claim_22"}, {"candidate_sources": [{"doi": "10.1007/s44470-025-00036-w", "study": "Steam-assisted respiratory muscle training may improve sleep quality in mild-to-moderate obstructive sleep apnea: a pilot polysomnography study", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s44470-025-00036-w"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03614-1", "study": "Association of reduced REM sleep with mortality in adults with coronary artery disease and obstructive sleep apnea in the RICCADSA cohort", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03614-1"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03617-y", "study": "Predicting sleep apnea worsening and cardiometabolic risk without treatment", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03617-y"}, {"doi": "10.3390/clockssleep8010004", "study": "Prevalence of Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Adherence to CPAP for TAXI Drivers", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/clockssleep8010004"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03707-x", "study": "Could behaviour change interventions be incorporated into cardiac rehabilitation programmes for insomnia and poor sleep quality management? A scoping review", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03707-x"}], "claim": "Several outcome classes are touched by a single source, which prevents any within-corpus replication of those findings. Single-trial generalization risk is therefore non-trivial for any claim built on these outcomes.", "claim_id": "claim_23"}, {"candidate_sources": [{"doi": "10.1007/s44470-025-00036-w", "study": "Steam-assisted respiratory muscle training may improve sleep quality in mild-to-moderate obstructive sleep apnea: a pilot polysomnography study", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s44470-025-00036-w"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03614-1", "study": "Association of reduced REM sleep with mortality in adults with coronary artery disease and obstructive sleep apnea in the RICCADSA cohort", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03614-1"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03617-y", "study": "Predicting sleep apnea worsening and cardiometabolic risk without treatment", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03617-y"}, {"doi": "10.3390/clockssleep8010004", "study": "Prevalence of Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Adherence to CPAP for TAXI Drivers", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/clockssleep8010004"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03707-x", "study": "Could behaviour change interventions be incorporated into cardiac rehabilitation programmes for insomnia and poor sleep quality management? A scoping review", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03707-x"}], "claim": "The population enrolled across the corpus is narrow on several axes that bound external validity. No source in the corpus enrolled children, adolescents, pregnant women, or healthy adults without a clinical sleep complaint, and none reported BMI distributions against the WHO 2000 overweight threshold of 25 kg/m2 or the obesity threshold of 30 kg/m2 in a way that supports stratified inference. The synthesizing claim that sleep health benefits extend to general adult populations therefore cannot be tested within the available evidence.", "claim_id": "claim_24"}, {"candidate_sources": [{"doi": "10.1007/s44470-025-00036-w", "study": "Steam-assisted respiratory muscle training may improve sleep quality in mild-to-moderate obstructive sleep apnea: a pilot polysomnography study", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s44470-025-00036-w"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03614-1", "study": "Association of reduced REM sleep with mortality in adults with coronary artery disease and obstructive sleep apnea in the RICCADSA cohort", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03614-1"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03617-y", "study": "Predicting sleep apnea worsening and cardiometabolic risk without treatment", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03617-y"}, {"doi": "10.3390/clockssleep8010004", "study": "Prevalence of Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Adherence to CPAP for TAXI Drivers", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/clockssleep8010004"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03707-x", "study": "Could behaviour change interventions be incorporated into cardiac rehabilitation programmes for insomnia and poor sleep quality management? A scoping review", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03707-x"}], "claim": "The endpoint scope of the corpus is dominated by surrogate and intermediate measures rather than hard clinical events. The endpoints that are measured cluster around apnea-hypopnea index, CPAP adherence hours, polysomnographic continuity metrics, ISI scores, blood-pressure trajectories, and quality-of-life scales, with very few studies reporting incident cardiovascular events, incident diabetes, or mortality. The Yan 2026 summary on CBT-I in chronic insomnia and the White 2026 scoping review similarly report only intermediate sleep-quality endpoints, leaving the downstream clinical translation of any improvement under-evidenced.", "claim_id": "claim_25"}, {"candidate_sources": [{"doi": "10.1007/s44470-025-00036-w", "study": "Steam-assisted respiratory muscle training may improve sleep quality in mild-to-moderate obstructive sleep apnea: a pilot polysomnography study", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s44470-025-00036-w"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03614-1", "study": "Association of reduced REM sleep with mortality in adults with coronary artery disease and obstructive sleep apnea in the RICCADSA cohort", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03614-1"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03617-y", "study": "Predicting sleep apnea worsening and cardiometabolic risk without treatment", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03617-y"}, {"doi": "10.3390/clockssleep8010004", "study": "Prevalence of Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Adherence to CPAP for TAXI Drivers", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/clockssleep8010004"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03707-x", "study": "Could behaviour change interventions be incorporated into cardiac rehabilitation programmes for insomnia and poor sleep quality management? A scoping review", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03707-x"}], "claim": "Mechanistic plausibility for the cardiometabolic and longevity claims exceeds the human-outcome evidence within the corpus. The mechanism-to-clinic gap therefore remains the dominant boundary condition on the synthesizing claim.", "claim_id": "claim_26"}, {"candidate_sources": [{"doi": "10.1007/s44470-025-00036-w", "study": "Steam-assisted respiratory muscle training may improve sleep quality in mild-to-moderate obstructive sleep apnea: a pilot polysomnography study", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s44470-025-00036-w"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03614-1", "study": "Association of reduced REM sleep with mortality in adults with coronary artery disease and obstructive sleep apnea in the RICCADSA cohort", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03614-1"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03617-y", "study": "Predicting sleep apnea worsening and cardiometabolic risk without treatment", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03617-y"}, {"doi": "10.3390/clockssleep8010004", "study": "Prevalence of Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Adherence to CPAP for TAXI Drivers", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/clockssleep8010004"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03707-x", "study": "Could behaviour change interventions be incorporated into cardiac rehabilitation programmes for insomnia and poor sleep quality management? A scoping review", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03707-x"}], "claim": "For Sleep health, the final interpretation is deliberately tiered: the retained clinical and adjacent evidence profile defines a bounded geroscience rationale, but the corpus does not support treating mechanistic target engagement, intermediate biomarkers, and patient-relevant outcomes as interchangeable evidence. The closing claim should therefore be read as a map of what the retained studies can support, not as a clinical recommendation or a general anti-aging endorsement. Positive signals identify hypotheses and candidate contexts; null, mixed, or adverse signals identify the boundaries that future work must test directly. The evidence hierarchy remains load-bearing here: direct interventional hard-endpoint records carry more interpretive weight than adjacent clinical evidence, and both carry more translational weight than mechanistic or model systems. A stronger future conclusion would require larger direct human samples, prespecified endpoints, longer follow-up, comparable intervention characterization, transparent safety capture, and a consistent direction of effect across clinically proximate outcomes. Until that evidence exists, the paper's conclusion is that the topic is worth structured follow-up only within the boundaries defined by the included source set. That boundary is not a weakness in the paper; it is the main claim that keeps the synthesis reusable. Readers should carry forward the evidence classes separately: favorable mechanistic or surrogate findings can motivate experiments, indirect human findings can prioritize populations and endpoints, and direct clinical findings define the current ceiling for applied interpretation. The current corpus is non-supportive for clinical efficacy or general health-intervention claims; it supports only hypothesis generation and structured follow-up within the limits of indirect evidence. Any downstream use should preserve that tiered reading rather than compressing the corpus into a simple yes/no verdict for clinical practice or public messaging.", "claim_id": "claim_27"}, {"candidate_sources": [{"doi": "10.1007/s44470-025-00036-w", "study": "Steam-assisted respiratory muscle training may improve sleep quality in mild-to-moderate obstructive sleep apnea: a pilot polysomnography study", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s44470-025-00036-w"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03614-1", "study": "Association of reduced REM sleep with mortality in adults with coronary artery disease and obstructive sleep apnea in the RICCADSA cohort", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03614-1"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03617-y", "study": "Predicting sleep apnea worsening and cardiometabolic risk without treatment", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03617-y"}, {"doi": "10.3390/clockssleep8010004", "study": "Prevalence of Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Adherence to CPAP for TAXI Drivers", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/clockssleep8010004"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03707-x", "study": "Could behaviour change interventions be incorporated into cardiac rehabilitation programmes for insomnia and poor sleep quality management? A scoping review", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03707-x"}], "claim": "This synthesis maps 13 included sources on Sleep Health across 7 outcome classes and 1 cross-study disagreement. It separates endpoint-specific evidence from broad geroprotection claims so that favorable biomarker signals are not treated as proof of durable healthspan benefit.", "claim_id": "claim_28"}, {"candidate_sources": [{"doi": "10.1007/s44470-025-00036-w", "study": "Steam-assisted respiratory muscle training may improve sleep quality in mild-to-moderate obstructive sleep apnea: a pilot polysomnography study", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s44470-025-00036-w"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03614-1", "study": "Association of reduced REM sleep with mortality in adults with coronary artery disease and obstructive sleep apnea in the RICCADSA cohort", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03614-1"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03617-y", "study": "Predicting sleep apnea worsening and cardiometabolic risk without treatment", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03617-y"}, {"doi": "10.3390/clockssleep8010004", "study": "Prevalence of Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Adherence to CPAP for TAXI Drivers", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/clockssleep8010004"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03707-x", "study": "Could behaviour change interventions be incorporated into cardiac rehabilitation programmes for insomnia and poor sleep quality management? A scoping review", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03707-x"}], "claim": "Across 13 curated reference papers, the evidence base for Sleep shows a context-dependent profile. Negative signals appear in: cardiometabolic. Null findings dominate: contextual other, muscle function. The synthesis surfaces cross-study disagreements across outcome classes — see Cross-Domain Synthesis. The Sleep anti-aging case as currently constituted is incomplete: mechanistic plausibility coexists with mixed or sparse human-RCT evidence, and the boundary conditions remain to be established.", "claim_id": "claim_29"}, {"candidate_sources": [{"doi": "10.1007/s44470-025-00036-w", "study": "Steam-assisted respiratory muscle training may improve sleep quality in mild-to-moderate obstructive sleep apnea: a pilot polysomnography study", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s44470-025-00036-w"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03614-1", "study": "Association of reduced REM sleep with mortality in adults with coronary artery disease and obstructive sleep apnea in the RICCADSA cohort", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03614-1"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03617-y", "study": "Predicting sleep apnea worsening and cardiometabolic risk without treatment", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03617-y"}, {"doi": "10.3390/clockssleep8010004", "study": "Prevalence of Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Adherence to CPAP for TAXI Drivers", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/clockssleep8010004"}, {"doi": "10.1007/s11325-026-03707-x", "study": "Could behaviour change interventions be incorporated into cardiac rehabilitation programmes for insomnia and poor sleep quality management? A scoping review", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03707-x"}], "claim": "The strongest unresolved contrast is the null vs negative between Lavie 2026 and Fang 2026 on cardiometabolic (severity 4/5), which defines the boundary condition future studies must test rather than smooth over.", "claim_id": "claim_30"}]}
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