Derivation Web

source_cebbdbe929034f97

by researka:v2 · 2026-06-27 00:22:43.698198+04:00

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The conclusion therefore does not support broad causal, clinical, or policy claims.", "type": "claim"}, {"id": "claim_3", "text": "This paper synthesizes evidence on Vascular age across 15 included source papers and 417 high-confidence extracted claims.", "type": "claim"}, {"id": "claim_4", "text": "The evidence profile contains 1 direct clinical source, 13 adjacent clinical sources, and 1 mechanistic or model-system source, with 14 cross-study disagreements across the evidence base.", "type": "claim"}, {"id": "claim_5", "text": "No single positive outcome class dominates the retained corpus; null signals cluster in the contextual adjacent evidence, cardiometabolic and mechanism outcome classes, and negative signals cluster in no dominant outcome class. The paper therefore interprets the corpus as a tiered evidence profile rather than as a single pooled effect.", "type": "claim"}, {"id": "claim_6", "text": "The conclusion is that Vascular age should be treated as a bounded geroscience hypothesis: the retained clinical and mechanistic evidence profile defines the scope for targeted testing, while mixed and null findings limit any unqualified anti-aging claim.", "type": "claim"}, {"id": "claim_7", "text": "Classification criteria: Outcome class assignment follows the primary endpoint or claim role recorded in the manifest, with contextual adjacent evidence separated from cardiometabolic, immune, safety, functional, and other endpoint classes. Directness is coded as direct when the source tests the named exposure or construct in the target population with aging-relevant clinical or hard endpoints; indirect when human evidence uses surrogate or adjacent endpoints; mechanistic when the evidence is preclinical, pathway, or model-based; and review when the source synthesizes rather than directly tests effects. Evidence tier records the same hierarchy before claims are interpreted.", "type": "claim"}, {"id": "claim_8", "text": "This manuscript is reported as a Thin-corpus evidence brief. A deterministic protocol governed source retrieval, screening, extraction, and synthesis; the protocol was frozen before manuscript rendering. The full audit trail is in the supplementary `methods_pack.json` and the timestamped submission directory `synthesis-vascular_age-v06-DAILY-2026-06-26T20-01-58Z-R2`.", "type": "claim"}, {"id": "claim_9", "text": "The following fields were extracted from each included source: study design, population / cohort, intervention or exposure, comparator, outcome class, effect direction, effect size, confidence interval or credible interval, p-value, sample size, follow-up duration, risk-of-bias rating. Under the calibration rule, source verification in the public bundle is limited to reference-level metadata; exact statistics and effect directions are drawn from these structured extraction artifacts (the synthesis manifest, risk-of-bias sidecar when populated, and claim registry) rather than from re-parsed full text.", "type": "claim"}, {"id": "claim_10", "text": "Risk-of-bias framework assignment follows study design (RoB-2 for RCTs, ROBINS-I for non-randomised studies, AMSTAR-2 for systematic reviews / meta-analyses). Public appraisal claims are limited to populated `risk_of_bias.json` rows; when no populated ratings are present, interpretation remains bounded by source tier and directness rather than formal RoB certification.", "type": "claim"}, {"id": "claim_11", "text": "Evidence-tension synthesis: claims grouped by outcome class (cardiometabolic, contextual adjacent evidence, deficiency prevalence, longevity, mechanism, safety and comorbidity); within-class agreement, disagreement, and directness gaps surfaced explicitly. Quantitative pooling applied only where ≥3 sources reported a comparable endpoint with extractable effect estimates.", "type": "claim"}, {"id": "claim_12", "text": "Source retrieval, claim extraction, evidence routing, and prose drafting were assisted by large language models under a deterministic audit-trail protocol. Every manuscript claim is traceable to a source record in the supplementary `manifest.json`. Final eligibility and interpretation decisions are author-verified.", "type": "claim"}, {"id": "claim_13", "text": "Sheng 2025: outcome=Contextual Adjacent Evidence; direction=unclear; directness=indirect; tier=B2.", "type": "claim"}, {"id": "claim_14", "text": "Werlang 2023: outcome=Contextual Adjacent Evidence; direction=unclear; directness=indirect; tier=B2.", "type": "claim"}, {"id": "claim_15", "text": "Rodilla 2026: outcome=Cardiometabolic; direction=null; directness=indirect; tier=B2.", "type": "claim"}, {"id": "claim_16", "text": "Alanis 2025: outcome=Mechanism; direction=null; directness=mechanistic; tier=C1.", "type": "claim"}, {"id": "claim_17", "text": "Luo 2025: outcome=Contextual Adjacent Evidence; direction=unclear; directness=review; tier=B2.", "type": "claim"}, {"id": "claim_18", "text": "Vicente-Gabriel 2024: outcome=Contextual Adjacent Evidence; direction=null; directness=protocol; tier=D1.", "type": "claim"}, {"id": "claim_19", "text": "Azizzadeh 2026: outcome=Cardiometabolic; direction=null; directness=indirect; tier=B2.", "type": "claim"}, {"id": "claim_20", "text": "Lu 2026: outcome=Contextual Adjacent Evidence; direction=unclear; directness=indirect; tier=B2.", "type": "claim"}, {"id": "claim_21", "text": "Kozlik 2026: outcome=Contextual Adjacent Evidence; direction=null; directness=indirect; tier=B2.", "type": "claim"}, {"id": "claim_22", "text": "Joshi 2025: outcome=Safety and Comorbidity; direction=null; directness=protocol; tier=D1.", "type": "claim"}, {"id": "claim_23", "text": "Mian 2023: outcome=Contextual Adjacent Evidence; direction=unclear; directness=indirect; tier=B2.", "type": "claim"}, {"id": "claim_24", "text": "Carmo 2025: outcome=Contextual Adjacent Evidence; direction=null; directness=review; tier=B2.", "type": "claim"}, {"id": "claim_25", "text": "Substantive evidence synthesis: The manifest includes 15 retained sources, 1 direct-source row(s), and receipt-level directional coding across null=7, unclear=8. Receipt-level direction is not a statement that the source abstracts lack directional statistics; source-level signals are reported separately. Representative source-level signals are: Sheng 2025: outcome=Contextual Adjacent Evidence; direction=unclear; directness=indirect; tier=B2; result=Integrating Vascular Aging and Genetic Risk: The Combined Impact of Estimated Pulse Wave Velocity and Genetic; finding=representative statistic P <0.001; source-level statistic reported; claims=102; Nguyen 2026: outcome=Deficiency Prevalence; direction=unclear; directness=indirect; tier=B2; result=Endothelial Sirtuins and Mitochondrial Function Are Associated With Testosterone Status: Implications for Accelerated; finding=representative statistic p = 0.047; source-level statistic reported; claims=64; Wang 2024: outcome=Cardiometabolic; direction=unclear; directness=direct; tier=A1; result=Impact of a Precision Intervention for Vascular Health in Middle-Aged and Older Postmenopausal Women Using Polar Heart; finding=representative statistic p < 0.05; source-level statistic reported; claims=54; Werlang 2023: outcome=Contextual Adjacent Evidence; direction=unclear; directness=indirect; tier=B2; result=The EVA Study: Early Vascular Aging in Women With History of Preeclampsia; finding=representative statistic P =0.011; source-level statistic reported; claims=29; Luo 2025: outcome=Contextual Adjacent Evidence; direction=unclear; directness=review; tier=B2; result=Effects of L-citrulline supplementation and watermelon intake on arterial stiffness and endothelial function in; finding=representative statistic p = 0.0007; source-level statistic reported; claims=22; Lu 2026: outcome=Contextual Adjacent Evidence; direction=unclear; directness=indirect; tier=B2; result=Estimating Vascular Age to Evaluate the Association Between Aging and Cardiovascular Disease; finding=14 extracted claim(s); receipt-level direction is the coded finding; claims=14; Mian 2023: outcome=Contextual Adjacent Evidence; direction=unclear; directness=indirect; tier=B2; result=Arterial Age and Early Vascular Aging, But Not Chronological Age, Are Associated With Faster Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm; finding=representative statistic P =0.001; source-level statistic reported; claims=8; Kakaletsis 2024: outcome=Longevity; direction=unclear; directness=review; tier=B1; result=Advanced vascular aging and outcomes after acute ischemic stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis.; finding=4 extracted claim(s); receipt-level direction is the coded finding; claims=4. These signals inform the bounded conclusion by separating effect direction from evidence tier/directness; indirect, review-level, mechanistic, or contextual evidence remains hypothesis-generating.", "type": "claim"}, {"id": "claim_26", "text": "Sheng 2025: Integrating Vascular Aging and Genetic Risk: The Combined Impact of Estimated Pulse Wave Velocity and Genetic; representative statistic P <0.001; source-level statistic reported; outcome=Contextual Adjacent Evidence; direction=unclear; directness=indirect; tier=B2.", "type": "claim"}, {"id": "claim_27", "text": "Werlang 2023: The EVA Study: Early Vascular Aging in Women With History of Preeclampsia; representative statistic P =0.011; source-level statistic reported; outcome=Contextual Adjacent Evidence; direction=unclear; directness=indirect; tier=B2.", "type": "claim"}, {"id": "claim_28", "text": "Alanis 2025: Accelerated Vascular Aging as a Possible Mechanism of Troponin I Release in the Absence of Clinically Manifested; representative statistic P =0.762; source-level statistic reported; outcome=Mechanism; direction=null; directness=mechanistic; tier=C1.", "type": "claim"}, {"id": "claim_29", "text": "Cardiometabolic: Wang 2024 (Impact of a Precision Intervention for Vascular Health in Middle-Aged and Older Postmenopausal Women Using Polar Heart; representative statistic p < 0.05; source-level statistic reported; direction=unclear; directness=direct; tier=A1); Rodilla 2026 (Vascular age as a key for a team-based approach to manage blood pressure bridging community pharmacists and primary; 28 extracted claim(s); receipt-level direction is the coded finding; direction=null; directness=indirect; tier=B2); Azizzadeh 2026 (Prevalence and determinants of vascular aging in Austria – a holistic view: the LEAD study; 16 extracted claim(s); receipt-level direction is the coded finding; direction=null; directness=indirect; tier=B2).", "type": "claim"}, {"id": "claim_30", "text": "Contextual Adjacent Evidence: Sheng 2025 (Integrating Vascular Aging and Genetic Risk: The Combined Impact of Estimated Pulse Wave Velocity and Genetic; representative statistic P <0.001; source-level statistic reported; direction=unclear; directness=indirect; tier=B2); Werlang 2023 (The EVA Study: Early Vascular Aging in Women With History of Preeclampsia; representative statistic P =0.011; source-level statistic reported; direction=unclear; directness=indirect; tier=B2); Luo 2025 (Effects of L-citrulline supplementation and watermelon intake on arterial stiffness and endothelial function in; representative statistic p = 0.0007; source-level statistic reported; direction=unclear; directness=review; tier=B2).", "type": "claim"}, {"comparator": "not extracted", "directness": "primary", "doi": "10.1161/JAHA.125.042610", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "id": "source_1", "intervention_or_exposure": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "risk_of_bias": "not appraised in public sidecar", "study": "Integrating Vascular Aging and Genetic Risk: The Combined Impact of Estimated Pulse Wave Velocity and Genetic Predisposition on Coronary Artery Disease", "type": "source", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.125.042610", "year": 2025}, {"comparator": "not extracted", "directness": "primary", "doi": "10.1111/acel.70457", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "id": "source_2", "intervention_or_exposure": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "risk_of_bias": "not appraised in public sidecar", "study": "Endothelial Sirtuins and Mitochondrial Function Are Associated With Testosterone Status: Implications for Accelerated Vascular Aging in Middle‐Age and Older Men With Low Testosterone", "type": "source", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/acel.70457", "year": 2026}, {"comparator": "not extracted", "directness": "primary", "doi": "10.3390/s24175832", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "id": "source_3", "intervention_or_exposure": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "risk_of_bias": "not appraised in public sidecar", "study": "Impact of a Precision Intervention for Vascular Health in Middle-Aged and Older Postmenopausal Women Using Polar Heart Rate Sensors: A 24-Week RCT Study Based on the New Compilation of Tai Chi (Bafa Wubu)", "type": "source", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/s24175832", "year": 2024}, {"comparator": "not extracted", "directness": "primary", "doi": "10.1161/JAHA.122.028116", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "id": "source_4", "intervention_or_exposure": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "risk_of_bias": "not appraised in public sidecar", "study": "The EVA Study: Early Vascular Aging in Women With History of Preeclampsia", "type": "source", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.122.028116", "year": 2023}, {"comparator": "not extracted", "directness": "primary", "doi": "10.3389/fpubh.2025.1723100", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "id": "source_5", "intervention_or_exposure": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "risk_of_bias": "not appraised in public sidecar", "study": "Vascular age as a key for a team-based approach to manage blood pressure bridging community pharmacists and primary healthcare physicians—The TOGETHER trial", "type": "source", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2025.1723100", "year": 2026}, {"comparator": "not extracted", "directness": "primary", "doi": "10.1161/JAHA.124.037718", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "id": "source_6", "intervention_or_exposure": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "risk_of_bias": "not appraised in public sidecar", "study": "Accelerated Vascular Aging as a Possible Mechanism of Troponin I Release in the Absence of Clinically Manifested Myocardial Injury", "type": "source", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.124.037718", "year": 2025}, {"comparator": "not extracted", "directness": "review-level", "doi": "10.3389/fnut.2025.1632952", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "id": "source_7", "intervention_or_exposure": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "risk_of_bias": "not appraised in public sidecar", "study": "Effects of L-citrulline supplementation and watermelon intake on arterial stiffness and endothelial function in middle-aged and older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials", "type": "source", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1632952", "year": 2025}, {"comparator": "not extracted", "directness": "primary", "doi": "10.3389/fpubh.2024.1322437", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "id": "source_8", "intervention_or_exposure": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "risk_of_bias": "not appraised in public sidecar", "study": "Relationship between addictions and obesity, physical activity and vascular aging in young adults (EVA-Adic study): a research protocol of a cross-sectional study", "type": "source", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2024.1322437", "year": 2024}, {"comparator": "not extracted", "directness": "primary", "doi": "10.1097/HJH.0000000000004227", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "id": "source_9", "intervention_or_exposure": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "risk_of_bias": "not appraised in public sidecar", "study": "Prevalence and determinants of vascular aging in Austria – a holistic view: the LEAD study", "type": "source", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/HJH.0000000000004227", "year": 2026}, {"comparator": "not extracted", "directness": "primary", "doi": "10.1111/acel.70503", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "id": "source_10", "intervention_or_exposure": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "risk_of_bias": "not appraised in public sidecar", "study": "Estimating Vascular Age to Evaluate the Association Between Aging and Cardiovascular Disease", "type": "source", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/acel.70503", "year": 2026}, {"comparator": "not extracted", "directness": "primary", "doi": "10.3390/jcm15114087", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "id": "source_11", "intervention_or_exposure": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "risk_of_bias": "not appraised in public sidecar", "study": "Vascular Endothelial Function, Carotid Intima–Media Thickness and Coronary Artery Calcification in Women", "type": "source", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm15114087", "year": 2026}, {"comparator": "not extracted", "directness": "primary", "doi": "10.1136/bmjopen-2024-097718", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "id": "source_12", "intervention_or_exposure": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "risk_of_bias": "not appraised in public sidecar", "study": "Arterial stiffness in acute decompensated heart failure and acute kidney injury: a prospective observational cohort study protocol in a tertiary hospital setting", "type": "source", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2024-097718", "year": 2025}, {"comparator": "not extracted", "directness": "primary", "doi": "10.1161/JAHA.122.029466", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "id": "source_13", "intervention_or_exposure": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "risk_of_bias": "not appraised in public sidecar", "study": "Arterial Age and Early Vascular Aging, But Not Chronological Age, Are Associated With Faster Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm Growth", "type": "source", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.122.029466", "year": 2023}, {"comparator": "not extracted", "directness": "review-level", "doi": "10.1530/VB-25-0004", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "id": "source_14", "intervention_or_exposure": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "risk_of_bias": "not appraised in public sidecar", "study": "Methylarginine levels and their impact on vascular aging: a systematic review", "type": "source", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1530/VB-25-0004", "year": 2025}, {"comparator": "not extracted", "directness": "review-level", "doi": "10.1038/s41371-024-00961-y", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "id": "source_15", "intervention_or_exposure": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "risk_of_bias": "not appraised in public sidecar", "study": "Advanced vascular aging and outcomes after acute ischemic stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis.", "type": "source", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41371-024-00961-y", "year": 2024}, {"comparator": "not extracted", "directness": "citation", "doi": null, "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "id": "source_16", "intervention_or_exposure": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "risk_of_bias": "not appraised in public sidecar", "study": "**Outcome class** is assigned from the source's bound endpoint, population, and claim text; adjacent/background sources are separated from clinical outcome slices.", "type": "source", "url": null, "year": null}, {"comparator": "not extracted", "directness": "citation", "doi": null, "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "id": "source_17", "intervention_or_exposure": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "risk_of_bias": "not appraised in public sidecar", "study": "**Directness** is coded as direct only when a source tests the topic against a clinically proximate outcome in the relevant population; a qualifying direct source would be a human interventional or hard-endpoint study of the topic itself. Indirect human, review-level, and mechanistic sources are weighted separately.", "type": "source", "url": null, "year": null}, {"comparator": "not extracted", "directness": "citation", "doi": null, "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "id": "source_18", "intervention_or_exposure": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "risk_of_bias": "not appraised in public sidecar", "study": "**Directional signal** is counted within the assigned outcome class only. A `no extracted directional signal` cell means the retained sources in that outcome slice did not yield a coded positive, negative, or mixed direction for that slice; it is not a claim that the source reports no associations anywhere else.", "type": "source", "url": null, "year": null}, {"comparator": "not extracted", "directness": "citation", "doi": null, "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "id": "source_19", "intervention_or_exposure": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "risk_of_bias": "not appraised in public sidecar", "study": "**Evidence tier** follows the deterministic tier/directness taxonomy used in the source builder; the prose writer cannot move a source between classes after sources are frozen.", "type": "source", "url": null, "year": null}, {"comparator": "not extracted", "directness": "citation", "doi": "10.1001/jama.2010.1923", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "id": "source_20", "intervention_or_exposure": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "risk_of_bias": "not appraised in public sidecar", "study": "Studenski 2011", "type": "source", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2010.1923", "year": null}, {"comparator": "not extracted", "directness": "citation", "doi": "10.1093/gerona/glp012", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "id": "source_21", "intervention_or_exposure": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "risk_of_bias": "not appraised in public sidecar", "study": "Cesari 2009", "type": "source", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glp012", "year": null}, {"comparator": "not extracted", "directness": "citation", "doi": "10.1093/ageing/afy169", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "id": "source_22", "intervention_or_exposure": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "risk_of_bias": "not appraised in public sidecar", "study": "Cruz-Jentoft 2019", "type": "source", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afy169", "year": null}, {"comparator": "not extracted", "directness": "citation", "doi": "10.1371/journal.pmed.0020124", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "id": "source_23", "intervention_or_exposure": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "risk_of_bias": "not appraised in public sidecar", "study": "Ioannidis 2005", "type": "source", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0020124", "year": null}], "publication_id": "d8e97ad6-d465-4e84-8231-2402678c670c", "screening": {"excluded": 0, "exclusion_reasons": ["No PRISMA full-text exclusion-stage filter was applied."], "flow": ["identified", "screened", "excluded_with_reasons", "included"], "identified": 15, "included": 15, "included_or_retained": 15, "screened": 15, "wording": "15 candidate receipts retained after source retrieval, deduplication, and topic filtering. This is an evidence-map screening trace, not a PRISMA full-text exclusion audit."}}

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  "sidecar_url": "https://api.researka.org/publications/d8e97ad6-d465-4e84-8231-2402678c670c/sidecars/claim_graph.json"
}