Derivation Web

source_d27daa39974c4f72

by researka:v2 · 2026-06-25 08:52:23.402926+04:00

{"content_hash": null, "edges": [{"from": "49395fbb-d4a2-4334-b9a8-44b8df0e7129", "to": "claim_1", "type": "contains_claim"}, {"from": "49395fbb-d4a2-4334-b9a8-44b8df0e7129", "to": "claim_2", "type": "contains_claim"}, {"from": "49395fbb-d4a2-4334-b9a8-44b8df0e7129", "to": "claim_3", "type": "contains_claim"}, {"from": "49395fbb-d4a2-4334-b9a8-44b8df0e7129", "to": "claim_4", "type": "contains_claim"}, {"from": "49395fbb-d4a2-4334-b9a8-44b8df0e7129", "to": "claim_5", "type": "contains_claim"}, {"from": "49395fbb-d4a2-4334-b9a8-44b8df0e7129", "to": "claim_6", "type": "contains_claim"}, {"from": "49395fbb-d4a2-4334-b9a8-44b8df0e7129", "to": "claim_7", "type": "contains_claim"}, {"from": "49395fbb-d4a2-4334-b9a8-44b8df0e7129", "to": "claim_8", "type": "contains_claim"}, {"from": "49395fbb-d4a2-4334-b9a8-44b8df0e7129", "to": "claim_9", "type": "contains_claim"}, {"from": "49395fbb-d4a2-4334-b9a8-44b8df0e7129", "to": "claim_10", "type": "contains_claim"}, {"from": "49395fbb-d4a2-4334-b9a8-44b8df0e7129", "to": "claim_11", "type": "contains_claim"}, {"from": "49395fbb-d4a2-4334-b9a8-44b8df0e7129", "to": "claim_12", "type": "contains_claim"}, {"from": "49395fbb-d4a2-4334-b9a8-44b8df0e7129", "to": "claim_13", "type": "contains_claim"}, {"from": "49395fbb-d4a2-4334-b9a8-44b8df0e7129", "to": "claim_14", "type": "contains_claim"}, {"from": "49395fbb-d4a2-4334-b9a8-44b8df0e7129", "to": "claim_15", "type": "contains_claim"}], "nodes": [{"id": "49395fbb-d4a2-4334-b9a8-44b8df0e7129", "title": "SGLT2 inhibitors: one bounded, context-dependent signal across receipts", "type": "publication"}, {"id": "claim_1", "text": "Across retrieved fact-level receipts for SGLT2 inhibitors, which endpoints show directionally favorable versus null/non-convergent signals, and what matched PICO remains untested?", "type": "claim"}, {"id": "claim_2", "text": "Finding: the early use of SGLT2 inhibitors was associated with lower risks of the primary end point (HR 0.68 [95% CI, 0.54-0.87]; P=0.002)", "type": "claim"}, {"id": "claim_3", "text": "Finding: Initiation of SGLT2 inhibitors in patients with AHF reduced the risk of rehospitalization for heart failure (OR 0.52; 95% CI [0.42, 0.65])", "type": "claim"}, {"id": "claim_4", "text": "Finding: those with heart failure treated with SGLT2 inhibitors had a 20% relative risk reduction in cardiovascular deaths and heart failure hospitalizations (risk ratio, 0.78; P<0.001).", "type": "claim"}, {"id": "claim_5", "text": "SGLT-2 inhibitors reduce the risk of cerebrovascular/cardiovascular outcomes and mortality: A systematic review and meta-analysis of retrospective cohort studies [review; 2021] doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105836", "type": "claim"}, {"id": "claim_6", "text": "Finding: reduced risk of stroke with SGLT2 inhibitors compared to DPP-4 inhibitors (Hazard ratio HR, 0.89; 95%CI, 0.82-0.96)", "type": "claim"}, {"id": "claim_7", "text": "This receipt-backed scoping note has one bounded signal: SGLT2 inhibitors shows directionally consistent signals across heterogeneous contexts across this 5-source primary/review bundle (2021-2023). Grouped by direction: directionally favorable: 5 receipt(s). The source facts cover 5 population context(s) and 4 intervention/exposure context(s), so this is a scoping signal about where endpoints diverge, without establishing a causal, clinical, species-translated, or mechanistically integrated claim. Direction is homogeneous: all selected receipts are directionally favorable. The boundary is population, comparator, and endpoint diversity, not directional disagreement. The listed effect sizes remain source-specific across endpoints and populations; they are not pooled or averaged. This is a heterogeneous indication/context map, not a unified disease-specific or endpoint-family claim. Concrete source-level examples: the early use of SGLT2 inhibitors was associated with lower risks of the primary end point (HR 0.68 [95% CI, 0.54-0.87]; P=0.002); Initiation of SGLT2 inhibitors in patients with AHF reduced the risk of rehospitalization for heart failure (OR 0.52; 95% CI [0.42, 0.65]); those with heart failure treated with SGLT2 inhibitors had a 20% relative risk reduction in cardiovascular deaths and heart failure hospitalizations (risk ratio, 0.78....", "type": "claim"}, {"id": "claim_8", "text": "null/non-convergent or other/mixed: the extracted fact is null, mixed, or not directionally interpretable.", "type": "claim"}, {"id": "claim_9", "text": "directionally favorable: Sodium‐Glucose Cotransporter‐2 Inhibitors After Acute Myocardial Infarction in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Population‐Based Investigation — the early use of SGLT2 inhibitors was associated with lower risks of the primary end point (HR 0.68 [95% CI, 0.54-0.87]; P=0.002)", "type": "claim"}, {"id": "claim_10", "text": "directionally favorable: Efficacy and safety of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors initiation in patients with acute heart failure, with and without type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis — Initiation of SGLT2 inhibitors in patients with AHF reduced the risk of rehospitalization for heart failure (OR 0.52; 95% CI [0.42, 0.65])", "type": "claim"}, {"id": "claim_11", "text": "directionally favorable: Effects of Sodium/Glucose Cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) Inhibitors on Cardiovascular and Metabolic Outcomes in Patients Without Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of Randomized‐Controlled Trials — those with heart failure treated with SGLT2 inhibitors had a 20% relative risk reduction in cardiovascular deaths and heart failure hospitalizations (risk ratio, 0.78; P<0.001).", "type": "claim"}, {"id": "claim_12", "text": "directionally favorable: SGLT-2 inhibitors reduce the risk of cerebrovascular/cardiovascular outcomes and mortality: A systematic review and meta-analysis of retrospective cohort studies — reduced risk of stroke with SGLT2 inhibitors compared to DPP-4 inhibitors (Hazard ratio HR, 0.89; 95%CI, 0.82-0.96)", "type": "claim"}, {"id": "claim_13", "text": "Specific moderators in this bundle are population/indication (patients hospitalized with acute heart failure; patients with type 2 diabetes and acute myocardial infarction undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention; patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus; patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and/or heart failure (13 RCTs, 1251 patients); patients without diabetes mellitus with heart failure), study design/evidence type (primary/review). Single primary-study estimates are separated from pooled review or meta-analytic estimates rather than treated as interchangeable.", "type": "claim"}, {"id": "claim_14", "text": "The selected receipts group because each carries a fact-level extraction for SGLT2 inhibitors; they separate by context (human clinical/observational) and endpoint, so they are not interchangeable evidence for one pooled claim.", "type": "claim"}, {"id": "claim_15", "text": "The signal is purely descriptive of effect-direction heterogeneity; it cannot support even a weak causal or comparative-efficacy inference, and pooling across these PICOs would be inappropriate.", "type": "claim"}, {"comparator": "not extracted", "directness": "primary", "doi": "10.1161/jaha.122.027824", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "id": "source_1", "intervention_or_exposure": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "risk_of_bias": "not appraised in public sidecar", "study": "Sodium‐Glucose Cotransporter‐2 Inhibitors After Acute Myocardial Infarction in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Population‐Based Investigation", "type": "source", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1161/jaha.122.027824", "year": 2023}, {"comparator": "not extracted", "directness": "review-level", "doi": "10.1186/s12933-022-01455-2", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "id": "source_2", "intervention_or_exposure": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "risk_of_bias": "not appraised in public sidecar", "study": "Efficacy and safety of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors initiation in patients with acute heart failure, with and without type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis", "type": "source", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s12933-022-01455-2", "year": 2022}, {"comparator": "not extracted", "directness": "review-level", "doi": "10.1161/jaha.120.019463", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "id": "source_3", "intervention_or_exposure": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "risk_of_bias": "not appraised in public sidecar", "study": "Effects of Sodium/Glucose Cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) Inhibitors on Cardiovascular and Metabolic Outcomes in Patients Without Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of Randomized‐Controlled Trials", "type": "source", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1161/jaha.120.019463", "year": 2021}, {"comparator": "not extracted", "directness": "review-level", "doi": "10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105836", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "id": "source_4", "intervention_or_exposure": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "risk_of_bias": "not appraised in public sidecar", "study": "SGLT-2 inhibitors reduce the risk of cerebrovascular/cardiovascular outcomes and mortality: A systematic review and meta-analysis of retrospective cohort studies", "type": "source", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105836", "year": 2021}, {"comparator": "not extracted", "directness": "review-level", "doi": "10.1093/eurjpc/zwab173", "effect": "not extracted", "endpoint": "not extracted", "id": "source_5", "intervention_or_exposure": "not extracted", "population": "not extracted", "risk_of_bias": "not appraised in public sidecar", "study": "Effect of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors on cardiac remodelling: a systematic review and meta-analysis", "type": "source", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1093/eurjpc/zwab173", "year": 2021}], "publication_id": "49395fbb-d4a2-4334-b9a8-44b8df0e7129", "screening": {"excluded": 0, "exclusion_reasons": ["No PRISMA full-text exclusion-stage filter was applied."], "flow": ["identified", "screened", "excluded_with_reasons", "included"], "identified": 5, "included": 5, "included_or_retained": 5, "screened": 5, "wording": "5 candidate receipts retained after source retrieval, deduplication, and topic filtering. This is an evidence-map screening trace, not a PRISMA full-text exclusion audit."}}

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